Mantra 41

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

या वशा उदकल्पयन् देवा यज्ञादुदेत्य । तासां विलिप्त्यं भीमामुदाकुरुत नारदः

IAST Transliteration

yā́ vaśā́ udákalpayan devā́ yajñā́d udétya | tā́sāṃ vilíptyaṃ bhīmā́m udā́kuruta nā́radaḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Those Vashās which the Gods, arising forth from sacrifice, did appoint,—of them Nārada made the dread ‘smearing’ (their marked condition).

Word by Word

• याः: which (fem. pl.)
• याः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → या-

• वशाः: (the) vashā-cows / vashā (a kind of cow)
• वशाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वशा- (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदकं: water
• उदकं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अकल्पयन्: they prepared / arranged
• अकल्पयन्: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप् (कल्पयति) / कॢप्-धातु

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञात्: from the sacrifice
• यज्ञात्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदेत्य: having risen up / having come forth
• उदेत्य: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Gerund
• Root: उद्-इ (उद् + इ) → उदेति

• तासाम्: of those (fem.)
• तासाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → ता-

• विलिप्त्यम्: the smeared/daubed (thing); the smear/daubing
• विलिप्त्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (verbal) / Noun-like
• Root: वि-लिप् (लिप्यते/लिम्पति) → विलिप्त्य- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• भीमाम्: terrible, dreadful
• भीमाम्: Karma (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम- (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदाकुरुत: he brought forth / produced / made manifest
• उदाकुरुत: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-आ-कृ (उद् + आ + कृ)

• नारदः: Nārada
• नारदः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: नारद- (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Nārada is explicitly named as operative authority within the verse; r̥ṣi attribution may align with this naming.

Devata: Vashā-cows as sacralized beings; gods as instituting agents.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"bhayankara","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From wonder at sacrifice-born beings to protective fear that enforces restraint.","listener_experience":"Awe and caution; sense that a real power is present and must be respected.","intensity":6}