Mantra 17

Sukta 8

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सर्वे देवा उपाशिक्षन् तदजानाद् वधूः सती। ईशा वशस्य या जाया सास्मिन् वर्णमाभरत्

IAST Transliteration

sárve devā́ upā́śikṣan tád ajānād vadhū́ḥ satī́ | īśā́ váśasya yā́ jāyā́ sā́smín várṇam ā́bharat

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

All the Gods gave instruction; that the virtuous Bride came to know. The wife who is mistress of dominion—she it was who in this bestowed the colour (the comely hue).

Word by Word

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (sarvanāma-prāya)
• Root: सर्व (सर्व-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (देव-प्रातिपदिक)

• उपाशिक्षन्: taught / instructed
• उपाशिक्षन्: Kriyā (of Kartā: सर्वे देवाः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-√शिक्ष् (शिक्षँ विद्या-उपादाने) / उपाशिक्ष्

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अजानात्: did not know
• अजानात्: Kriyā (of Kartā: वधूः सती)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ज्ञा (ज्ञा अवबोधने) with privative a- → a-√ज्ञा

• वधूः: the bride / young wife
• वधूः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वधू (वधू-प्रातिपदिक)

• सती: virtuous / faithful
• सती: Kartā (as qualifier of वधूः)
• Type: Adjective (kṛdanta used adjectivally)
• Root: सत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √अस् → सत्) स्त्री. सती

• ईशा: the mistress / lady of the house
• ईशा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईशा (ईशा-प्रातिपदिक)

• वशस्य: of control / of mastery
• वशस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun (abstract/quality)
• Root: वश (वश-प्रातिपदिक) + -स्य (षष्ठी)

• या: who
• या: Kartā (relative clause; refers to ईशा)
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जाया: wife
• जाया: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाया (जाया-प्रातिपदिक)

• सा: she
• सा: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वर्णम्: color / complexion / (social) class
• वर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (वर्ण-प्रातिपदिक)

• आभरत्: brought / bestowed / conferred
• आभरत्: Kriyā (of Kartā: सा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√भृ (भृञ् धारणे)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic seer-tradition for AV 11.8.

Devata: All Gods; and the personified Vadhū/Jāyā as bestower of varṇa (auspicious lustre).

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shringara","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From divine instruction → dawning understanding → sovereign affirmation → bestowal of beauty.","listener_experience":"Uplift, dignity, warmth; a sense of being blessed and socially radiant.","intensity":6}