Verse 35

Avadhuta

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अहो ज्ञानमहो ज्ञानमहो सुखमहो सुखम् ।

अहो शास्त्रमहो शास्त्रमहो गुरुरहो गुरुः ॥३५॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

अहो ज्ञानम् । अहो ज्ञानम् । अहो सुखम् । अहो सुखम् ।

अहो शास्त्रम् । अहो शास्त्रम् । अहो गुरुः । अहो गुरुः ॥३५॥

IAST Transliteration

aho jñānam aho jñānam aho sukham aho sukham |

aho śāstram aho śāstram aho gurur aho guruḥ ||35||

Translation

Ah, jñāna—pengetahuan rohani! Ah, jñāna! Ah, sukha—kebahagiaan! Ah, sukha! Ah, śāstra—kitab suci! Ah, śāstra! Ah, guru! Ah, guru!

Academic Translation

Ah, knowledge! Ah, knowledge! Ah, happiness! Ah, happiness! Ah, scripture! Ah, scripture! Ah, the guru! Ah, the guru!

Verse Context

• Jñāna as the means (sādhana) and ānanda as the nature (svarūpa) of Ātman; Guru-Śāstra-upadeśa
• Mahavakya: Affirms the pramāṇa of mahāvākyas: Śāstra and Guru are praised as the means by which “तत् त्वम् असि / अहं ब्रह्मास्मि” is understood and owned as direct knowledge.
• Atharva
• Chandas: Prose/Upaniṣadic mixed meter (not strictly determinable)