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Shloka 16

सामान्यतो नरकगतिवर्णनम्

General Description of the Course of Hell / Naraka-gati

यातनाश्च महत्योऽत्र शरीरस्याति सर्वतः । निश्शेषनरकेष्वेवं क्रमंति क्रमशो नराः

yātanāśca mahatyo'tra śarīrasyāti sarvataḥ | niśśeṣanarakeṣvevaṃ kramaṃti kramaśo narāḥ

Di sini, siksaan besar menyerang tubuh dari segala arah. Demikianlah manusia melangkah setahap demi setahap melalui semua neraka tanpa tersisa satu pun.

yātanāḥtorments
yātanāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyātanā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)
mahatyaḥgreat
mahatyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with yātanāḥ
atrahere
atra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb of place (देशवाचक)
śarīrasyaof the body
śarīrasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootśarīra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
atiexcessively/very
ati:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootati (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), preverb/particle (उपसर्गार्थे) used adverbially
sarvataḥon all sides/everywhere
sarvataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvatas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (दिक्/परिमाणवाचक)
niśśeṣa-narakeṣuin all the hells (without remainder)
niśśeṣa-narakeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootniśśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + naraka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); कर्मधारय: ‘niśśeṣāḥ narakāḥ’ → ‘niśśeṣanaraka’
evamthus
evam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), manner adverb (प्रकारवाचक)
kramantiproceed/go
kramanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkram (क्रम् धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
kramaśaḥstep by step/gradually
kramaśaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkramaśas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रमवाचक)
narāḥmen/people
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

FAQs

It underscores the inevitability of karmic retribution: the bound soul (paśu), driven by its deeds, undergoes intense suffering until impurities and demerit are exhausted—pointing to the need for turning toward Pati (Shiva) through dharma and devotion.

By highlighting the misery of bondage, it implicitly directs the seeker toward Saguna Shiva worship—Linga-sevā, mantra, and devotion—as purifying means that reorient the soul away from sin and toward Shiva’s grace, which leads beyond naraka and rebirth.

A practical takeaway is regular Panchakshara japa ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with repentance and disciplined conduct; supporting Shaiva observances like Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa are traditionally upheld as aids to purity and steadiness of mind.