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Shloka 59

नरकलोकमार्गयमदूतस्वरूपवर्णनम् / Description of the Path to Naraka and the Nature of Yama’s Messengers

निर्भर्त्सयति चात्यंतं यमस्तान्पापकर्म्मणः । चित्रगुप्तश्च भगवान्धर्म्मवाक्यैः प्रबोधयेत्

nirbhartsayati cātyaṃtaṃ yamastānpāpakarmmaṇaḥ | citraguptaśca bhagavāndharmmavākyaiḥ prabodhayet

Yama menegur dengan sangat keras mereka yang berbuat dosa; dan Bhagavān Chitragupta, dengan sabda yang berlandaskan dharma, menasihati serta menyadarkan mereka.

निर्भर्त्सयतिrebukes, scolds
निर्भर्त्सयति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्भर्त्स् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
अत्यन्तम्exceedingly
अत्यन्तम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्यन्त (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपरिमाण/तीव्रता-अव्यय (adverb of degree)
यमःYama
यमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
तान्those (people)
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
पाप-कर्मणःof sinful deeds / sinful-doers
पाप-कर्मणः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (of तान्)
चित्रगुप्तःCitragupta
चित्रगुप्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootचित्रगुप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
भगवान्the venerable lord
भगवान्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
धर्म-वाक्यैःby words of dharma
धर्म-वाक्यैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
प्रबोधयेत्should awaken/instruct
प्रबोधयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + बुध् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative/Potential), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Role: teaching

Y
Yama
C
Chitragupta
D
Dharma

FAQs

It affirms the inviolable order of karma: harmful actions lead to correction through dharmic judgment, urging the soul to awaken to righteousness—an essential preparation for turning toward Shiva, the liberator (Pati) beyond bondage (pāśa).

By highlighting accountability under dharma, the verse implicitly directs devotees toward purifying conduct and sincere devotion; such inner purification supports meaningful Saguna Shiva worship of the Linga, where repentance and ethical living become offerings.

Practice daily self-audit of actions (karma-smṛti), confession and resolve (prāyaścitta-bhāva), and steady japa of the Panchakshara—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—to realign life with dharma.