Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 44

Kālajñāna (Knowledge of Time) and Mṛtyu-cihna (Signs of Death): Śiva’s Instruction to Umā

भूतसंख्या यदा प्राणान्वहंते च इडादयः । वर्षस्याभ्यंतरे तस्य जीवितं हि न संशयः

bhūtasaṃkhyā yadā prāṇānvahaṃte ca iḍādayaḥ | varṣasyābhyaṃtare tasya jīvitaṃ hi na saṃśayaḥ

Ketika prāṇa yang mengalir melalui iḍā dan nāḍī lainnya bergerak hanya sampai ukuran yang ditunjukkan oleh ‘bhūta-saṅkhyā’, maka tanpa ragu hidupnya berakhir dalam waktu satu tahun.

भूत-संख्याthe number of elements/beings
भूत-संख्या:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक) + संख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; समासः—भूतानां संख्या (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
यदाwhen
यदा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक सम्बन्धबोधक (temporal conjunction: when)
प्राणान्vital breaths
प्राणान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन
वहन्तेcarry / convey / flow
वहन्ते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
इडा-आदयःiḍā and the others (nāḍīs)
इडा-आदयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootइडा (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन; समासः—इडा आदिः येषाम् (आदि-तत्पुरुष/समाहार)
वर्षस्यof the year
वर्षस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
अभ्यन्तरेwithin
अभ्यन्तरे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्यन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन
तस्यof that (person)
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
जीवितम्life / lifespan
जीवितम्:
Pradhāna-vākya-bhāga (विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/विधेय), एकवचन
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थक/निश्चयार्थक निपात (particle: indeed/for)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Pradhāna-vākya-bhāga (विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/विधेय), एकवचन

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

FAQs

It presents a yogic diagnostic teaching: changes in prāṇa-flow through the nāḍīs are linked to embodied limitation, reminding the seeker to turn from fear of death toward disciplined sādhanā and refuge in Pati (Śiva), the Lord beyond birth and death.

By highlighting the fragility of prāṇa and lifespan, it implicitly directs the devotee to steady the mind through Śiva-upāsanā—Linga worship and remembrance of Saguna Śiva—so that prāṇa becomes purified and the soul is oriented toward Śiva’s grace rather than mere bodily survival.

A practical takeaway is prāṇāyāma with nāḍī-śuddhi (balancing iḍā and piṅgalā) alongside steady japa of the Panchākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), supported by Shaiva disciplines such as Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as aids to recollection and purity.