Shloka 39

यममार्गे सुखदायकधर्माः

Dharmas that Grant Ease on the Path to Yama

Devanagari script

भिक्षितो ब्राह्मणेनेह दद्यादन्नं च यः पुमान् । स याति परमं स्वर्गं यावदाभूतसंप्लवम्

Transliteration

bhikṣito brāhmaṇeneha dadyādannaṃ ca yaḥ pumān | sa yāti paramaṃ svargaṃ yāvadābhūtasaṃplavam

Translation

Di dunia ini, orang yang ketika diminta oleh seorang brāhmaṇa memberikan makanan, akan mencapai surga tertinggi dan tinggal di sana hingga pralaya yang meliputi semua makhluk.

Word by Word

• भिक्षितः: (when) requested/begged
• भिक्षितः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भिक्षित (धातु √भिक्ष्, क्त-कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (one who has been begged/asked)

• ब्राह्मणेन: by a brahmin
• ब्राह्मणेन: कर्ता (Agent/कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/कर्तृ-निर्देश (by a brahmin)

• इह: here
• इह: देशाधिकरण (Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक

• पुमान्: man
• पुमान्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• याति: goes, attains
• याति: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• परमम्: highest
• परमम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषण

• स्वर्गम्: heaven
• स्वर्गम्: कर्म (Goal/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• यावत्: until, as long as
• यावत्: कालावधि (Temporal limit)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/अवधिवाचक-अव्यय (until/as long as)

• आभूतसंप्लवम्: the cosmic dissolution (pralaya)
• आभूतसंप्लवम्: कर्म (Object of 'until')
• Type: Noun
• Root: आ + भूत + संप्लव (प्रातिपदिक; भूत = धातु √भू, क्त-कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (आभूतः संप्लवः = प्रलयः)

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating the Shiva Purana’s teaching to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Feeding a brāhmaṇa upon request is presented as sustaining dharma (sthiti) and yielding long-lasting heavenly merit (svarga) up to cosmic dissolution—i.e., durable karmic fruition.

Ritual Elements

Offering: naivedya

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: ābhūta-saṃplava (cosmic dissolution/mahāpralaya as a limit-marker for merit’s duration)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that anna-dāna (the gift of food) given with humility to a worthy brāhmaṇa is a powerful dharmic act that yields vast merit, sustaining the giver’s auspicious state up to cosmic dissolution—encouraging compassion, service, and purification of karma.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

In Shaiva practice, devotion is not only ritual before the Liṅga; it is also expressed as seva. Feeding the righteous is treated as honoring Shiva’s presence in beings, reinforcing Saguna Shiva worship through lived dharma.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Perform anna-dāna—especially on Shiva days like Mahāśivarātri or Mondays—after simple worship (e.g., offering water to the Liṅga and reciting the Pañcākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), then dedicate the act to Lord Shiva for inner purification.