Rig Veda 1.1.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 1, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.1
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaishvamitra
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्ने यं यज्ञमध्वरं विश्वतः परिभूरसि । स इद्देवेषु गच्छति ॥
Transliteration
agné yaṁ yajñám adhvaráṁ viśvátaḥ paribhū́r asi | sá íd devéṣu gácchati ||
Translation
Wahai Agni, yajña dan adhvara—perjalanan persembahan—yang Engkau lingkupi dan kuasai dari segala penjuru; oleh kuasa itulah sang pencari manusia bergerak dan sampai di antara para Deva (kekuatan-kekuatan cahaya).
Word by Word
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन (address; outside kāraka)
TypeNoun (address)
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
यम्whom / which
यम्:
कर्म (object of ‘परिभूः असि’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञम्sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
कर्म (in apposition to यम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ- (प्रातिपदिक; √यज्)
अध्वरम्ritual / sacred rite
अध्वरम्:
कर्म (in apposition to यम्/यज्ञम्)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर- (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वतःon all sides
विश्वतः:
अधिकरण (adverbial: sphere/direction of action)
TypeIndeclinable (adverb)
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (अव्ययीभाव/तद्धित-अव्यय)
परिभूः(thou) encompass / preside over
परिभूः:
क्रिया (with implied कर्ता = त्वम्/अग्ने)
TypeVerb (finite, archaic Vedic form)
Root√भू (भवति) + परि- (उपसर्ग); present stem परि-भव-/परि-भू-
असिart / are
असि:
क्रिया (linking verb)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (अस्ति)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ (subject of ‘गच्छति’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इत्indeed
इत्:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootइत् (निपात)
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
अधिकरण (locus/goal-sphere)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव- (प्रातिपदिक)
गच्छतिgoes / proceeds
गच्छति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति)
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