Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 98, Shloka 35

महोदरवधः

The Slaying of Mahodara

Devanagari script

हत्वांतंवानरैस्सार्धंननादमुदितोहरिः ।।6.98.35।।चुक्रोध च दशग्रीवोबभौहृष्टश्चराघवः ।

Transliteration

hatvā taṃ vānaraiḥ sārdhaṃ nanāda mudito hariḥ |

cukrodha ca daśagrīvo babhau hṛṣṭaś ca rāghavaḥ ||6.98.35||

Translation

Setelah membunuhnya, Sugrīva bersukacita bersama para Vānara dan mengaum nyaring. Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa) pun murka, sedangkan Rāghava (Rāma) tampak berseri gembira.

Word by Word

• हत्वा: having slain
• हत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive): having killed

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वानरैः: with the monkeys
• वानरैः: Sahakāraka (सह/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• सार्धम्: together
• सार्धम्: Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sārdham (अव्यय)
• Form: सहवाचक-अव्यय (together with)

• ननाद: roared; shouted
• ननाद: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nad (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• मुदितः: gladdened
• मुदितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mud (धातु) + ita (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/इत), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; हरिः इति विशेषण

• हरिः: Hari (monkey-chief, Sugriva)
• हरिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चुक्रोध: became angry
• चुक्रोध: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: krudh (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• दशग्रीवः: the ten-necked (Ravana)
• दशग्रीवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + grīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: दश ग्रीवाः यस्य (Rāvaṇa)

• बभौ: shone; appeared
• बभौ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• हृष्टः: delighted
• हृष्टः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; राघवः इति विशेषण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• राघवः: Raghava (Rama)
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Sugriva, the monkey leader having killed Mahodara, the Vanaras shouted in joy. The ten headed Ravana became enraged. Raghava was glad.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vānara army
• Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Mahodara (implied by context: 'him')

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma brings legitimate relief and confidence to its defenders, while adharma reacts with anger when its power is checked—showing the moral polarity of responses to justice.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva’s slaying of Mahodara triggers celebration among the Vānaras, provokes Rāvaṇa’s fury, and reassures Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s composed satisfaction in righteous progress—gladness rooted in duty rather than cruelty.