Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 128, Shloka 38

अयोध्याप्रत्यागमन-सन्देशः

Hanuman Sent Ahead to Ayodhya

Devanagari script

निहत्यरावणंरामःप्रतिलभ्य च मैथिलीम् ।।।।उपयातिसमृद्धार्थःसहमित्रैर्महाबलैः ।

Transliteration

nihatya rāvaṇaṃ rāmaḥ pratilabhya ca maithilīm |

upayāti samṛddhārthaḥ saha mitrair mahābalaiḥ ||

Translation

Rama telah menewaskan Ravana dan memperoleh kembali Maithili (Sita). Setelah maksud-Nya tercapai, kini Ia datang kemari bersama para sahabat sekutu-Nya yang perkasa.

Word by Word

• nihatya: having slain
• nihatya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√han (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Kṛdanta: absolutive/gerund (ल्यप्) = 'having killed'

• rāvaṇam: Ravana
• rāvaṇam: Karma (कर्म/Object of nihatya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana

• pratilabhya: having recovered
• pratilabhya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-√labh (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Kṛdanta: absolutive/gerund (ल्यप्) = 'having regained'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha-sūcaka (सम्बन्धसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; samuccaya (समुच्चय)

• maithilīm: Maithili (Sita)
• maithilīm: Karma (कर्म/Object of pratilabhya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maithilī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• upayāti: comes/approaches
• upayāti: Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√yā (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (Present/लट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• samṛddhārthaḥ: having fulfilled his aim
• samṛddhārthaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samṛddha-artha (प्रातिपदिक; samṛddha + artha)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः: 'accomplished-purpose' qualifying rāmaḥ

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahārtha-sūcaka (सहार्थसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; sahārtha (सहार्थ)

• mitraiḥ: with friends/allies
• mitraiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Accompaniment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (often), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana

• mahābalaiḥ: mighty
• mahābalaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-bala (प्रातिपदिक; mahā + bala)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; कर्मधारयः qualifying mitraiḥ

Context

"Rama killed Ravana and recovered Mythili. He, having accomplished the purpose, is coming with his mighty friends."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā (Maithilī)
• Hanumān
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as restoration of moral order: the tyrant’s defeat and the recovery of the wronged uphold justice and rightful conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān reports the war’s outcome—Rāvaṇa’s death and Sītā’s recovery—and announces Rāma’s return.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s steadfastness to duty: completing the righteous objective and returning only after the mission is fulfilled.