Shloka 5

ताराशोकविनोदनम्

Consolation of Tara and Counsel on Succession

Devanagari script

जानास्यनियतामेवं भूतानामागतिं गतिम्।तस्माच्छुभं हि कर्तव्यं पण्डितेनैह लौकिकम्।।।।

Transliteration

jānāsy aniyatām evaṃ bhūtānām āgatiṃ gatim | tasmāc chubhaṃ hi kartavyaṃ paṇḍitena iha laukikam ||

Translation

Engkau mengetahui betapa tidak menentunya datang dan perginya makhluk hidup; maka di dunia ini, orang bijaksana hendaknya sungguh melakukan perbuatan yang suci, baik, dan patut.

Word by Word

• jānāsi: you know
• jānāsi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jñā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• aniyatām: uncertainty
• aniyatām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aniyata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन; भाववाचक (abstract noun: ‘uncertainty/instability’)

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: ‘thus/in this way’)

• bhūtānām: of beings
• bhūtānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), बहुवचन

• āgatim: coming / arrival
• āgatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āgati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• gatim: going / course
• gatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tasmāt: therefore
• tasmāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; तस्मात्-प्रयोग (ablatival adverb: ‘therefore/from that’)

• śubham: what is auspicious
• śubham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र कर्मरूपे (object of kartavyam: ‘auspicious act’)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थक/निश्चयार्थक-निपात (particle: ‘indeed/for’)

• kartavyam: should be done
• kartavyam: Kriyā (क्रिया; विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kartavya (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive: ‘to be done’)

• paṇḍitena: by the wise person
• paṇḍitena: Karta (कर्ता; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb: ‘here/in this world’)

• laukikam: worldly
• laukikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: laukika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; śubham/kartavyam इत्यस्य विशेषण (worldly)

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Tārā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Acting rightly despite uncertainty: since life is unstable, dharma is to choose auspicious, constructive action rather than paralysis.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān encourages Tārā to move from mourning to performing necessary, auspicious worldly duties after the crisis.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical wisdom (nīti): aligning action with what sustains order and well-being.