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Valmiki Ramayana 2.14.45: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 14, Shloka 45

सत्यपाशः

Kaikeyi’s Demand and the Noose of the King’s Promise

स समीपस्थितो राज्ञस्तामवस्थामजज्ञिवान्।।।।वाग्भिः परमतुष्टाभिरभिष्टोतुं प्रचक्रमे।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.14.45

sa samīpasthito rājñas tām avasthām ajajñivān |

vāgbhiḥ paramatuṣṭābhir abhiṣṭotuṃ pracakrame ||

Ia pun mendekat kepada raja, namun tidak mengetahui keadaan batin sang raja; lalu mulai memuji beliau dengan kata-kata yang sangat menyenangkan.

सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
समीपस्थितःstanding near
समीपस्थितः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमीप + स्थित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (समीपे स्थितः = standing near); क्त-प्रत्यय कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
ताम्that
ताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अवस्थाम्state; condition
अवस्थाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अजज्ञिवान्did not know; was unaware
अजज्ञिवान्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect) ‘जज्ञौ’ इत्यस्य परस्मैपद-भूतकृदन्तवत् प्रयोगः; नञ्-उपसर्गेण निषेधार्थ (a-); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (कर्तरि); अर्थः ‘न जज्ञौ’
वाग्भिःwith words
वाग्भिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन
परमतुष्टाभिःwith exceedingly pleasing (words)
परमतुष्टाभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + तुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय (परमाः तुष्टाः); क्त-प्रत्यय कृदन्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (वाग्भिः)
अभिष्टोतुम्to praise
अभिष्टोतुम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + स्तु (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्यय (infinitive)
प्रचक्रमेbegan; commenced
प्रचक्रमे:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + क्रम् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Sumantra approached the king unaware of the state of his mind and commenced praising him in highly pleasing words (as usual).

S
Sumantra
D
Daśaratha

FAQs

Dharma is expressed as proper decorum and respectful speech toward one’s sovereign/elder, even before one fully understands the situation.

Sumantra comes close to Daśaratha and begins customary praise, not yet realizing the king’s troubled mood.

Sumantra’s loyalty and refined courtly speech (vinaya) in serving the king.

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