Shloka 9

कबन्धमोक्षः—सुग्रीवमैत्र्युपदेशः

Kabandha’s Release and Counsel to Befriend Sugriva

Devanagari script

दशाभागगतो हीनस्त्वं हि राम सलक्ष्मणः।यत्कृते व्यसनं प्राप्तं त्वया दारप्रधर्षणम्।।।।।

Transliteration

daśābhāgagato hīnas tvaṃ hi rāma salakṣmaṇaḥ |

yatkṛte vyasanaṃ prāptaṃ tvayā dārapradharṣaṇam |||

Translation

Sungguh, wahai Rama—bersama Lakshmana—engkau telah memasuki bagian nasib yang buruk dan direndahkan; karena itulah engkau tertimpa bencana: kehormatan pernikahanmu dilukai oleh penculikan istrimu.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (task)
• तत्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अवश्यम्: certainly
• अवश्यम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अवश्यम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक (certainly/necessarily)

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: कर्ता (Agent; with kāryaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कार्यः: must be done
• कार्यः: विधेय (Predicate obligation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘to be done’

• ससुहृत्सुहृदाम्: of friends and well-wishers
• ससुहृत्सुहृदाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + सुहृत् + सुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (सुहृत् + सुहृद्) with सह-उपपद; ‘of friends and well-wishers’

• वर: O best one
• वर: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अकृत्वा: without doing
• अकृत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Condition)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: नञ्-पूर्वक क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (negative gerund); ‘without doing’

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (indeed/for)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation)

• ते: for you
• ते: सम्प्रदान (Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), एकवचन

• सिद्धिम्: success, accomplishment
• सिद्धिम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पश्यामि: see
• पश्यामि: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present); परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन

• चिन्तयन्: thinking
• चिन्तयन्: क्रियाविशेषण (Concomitant action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिन्त् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘while thinking’

Context

The effulgent Kabandha rose into the sky on a famous aerial chariot harnessed to swans. Seated on it, he illuminated all ten directions and spoke from the sky,'O Raghava I will truly tell you how you will get Sita, listen to me'.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• Sita (implied by dāra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse recognizes suffering without denying it: dharma begins with truthful diagnosis (satya) of one’s condition, so that righteous remedies can be pursued without despair.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha explains Rama’s present misfortune—Sita’s abduction—as part of a difficult phase, preparing him to take strategic steps to recover her.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Marital fidelity and protection of maryādā: the abduction is framed as an outrage against the sanctity of marriage, reinforcing Rama’s righteous motive to restore Sita.