Shloka 31

The Five Great Sacrifices: Supremacy of Honoring Parents, Pativrata Dharma, Truthfulness, and Śrāddha

Devanagari script

तैलतापनतांबूलं तथा तूलवतीं पटीम् । नित्याशनं च मिष्टान्नं दुग्धखंडं तथैव च

Transliteration

tailatāpanatāṃbūlaṃ tathā tūlavatīṃ paṭīm | nityāśanaṃ ca miṣṭānnaṃ dugdhakhaṃḍaṃ tathaiva ca

Translation

Persembahkan pula sirih (tambūla) yang diramu dengan minyak dan rempah penghangat, kain/selimut berisi kapas, santapan harian, hidangan manis, serta manisan padat dari susu.

Word by Word

• तैल-तापन-ताम्बूलम्: betel with oil-warming preparation
• तैल-तापन-ताम्बूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तैल (प्रातिपदिक) + तापन (प्रातिपदिक) + ताम्बूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (तैलेन/तैलस्य तापनम्; तापनं ताम्बूलम् इति अर्थसम्बन्धः)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/तुल्यताबोधक (adverb: likewise)

• तूल-वतीम्: cotton-filled
• तूल-वतीम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तूल (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (तद्धित)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (पटीम्); तूलयुक्ता इति अर्थे (possessive -vat)

• पटीम्: cloth/garment
• पटीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पटी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नित्य-आशनम्: daily food
• नित्य-आशनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आशन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (नित्यं आशनम्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• मिष्ट-अन्नम्: sweet food
• मिष्ट-अन्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (मिष्टम् अन्नम्)

• दुग्ध-खण्डम्: a piece/lump of milk-solid (milk sweet)
• दुग्ध-खण्डम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुग्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + खण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (दुग्धस्य खण्डः)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/तुल्यताबोधक

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

Speaker

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses of Adhyaya 50).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: tāṃbūlaṃ is treated as ताम्बूलम्; miṣṭānnaṃ → मिष्ट + अन्नम्; tathaiva → तथा + एव

FAQs

Is this verse describing charity (dāna) or ritual offerings?

The items listed—betel preparation, cloth, daily food, sweets, and milk-solid sweets—fit typical Purāṇic enumerations of commendable gifts or provisions; however, confirming whether it is dāna or a specific rite requires the immediate chapter context.

What is meant by “tailatāpana-tāmbūla” here?

It indicates tāmbūla (betel quid/preparation) made with oil and “tāpana” substances—i.e., warming or stimulating additives (commonly interpreted as pungent/spiced ingredients used in such preparations).

What ethical lesson is implied by listing food, clothing, and comforts?

The verse emphasizes sustaining others through practical support—food, clothing, and simple comforts—reflecting Purāṇic dharma where generosity and care for daily needs are meritorious.