Shloka 17

The Manifestation of Viṣṇu’s Footprints: Vāmana–Trivikrama, Bāṣkali’s Subjugation, and the Rise of Viṣṇupadī

Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

जगाम त्वरितो भीष्म यत्र देवः पितामहः । ब्रह्मणः स पदं प्राप्य वृतस्तैश्च दिवौकसैः

Transliteration

jagāma tvarito bhīṣma yatra devaḥ pitāmahaḥ | brahmaṇaḥ sa padaṃ prāpya vṛtastaiśca divaukasaiḥ

Translation

Wahai Bhīṣma, ia segera pergi ke tempat Sang Kakek Ilahi, Brahmā, berada. Setelah mencapai kediaman Brahmā, ia pun dikelilingi oleh para makhluk surgawi itu.

Word by Word

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• त्वरितः: hurried
• त्वरितः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from त्वर्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) to implied subject (देवेन्द्रः)

• भीष्म: O Bhīṣma
• भीष्म: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन/आह्वानार्थक अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (vocative-like address)

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पितामहः: the grandsire (Brahmā)
• पितामहः: Apposition (Samanadhikarana/समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिता + मह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (पितॄणां महः/महान्) ‘grandfather/forefather’

• ब्रह्मणः: of Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणः: Shashthi-sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• पदम्: place/abode
• पदम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्राप्य: having reached
• प्राप्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund): ‘having reached’

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तैः: by those
• तैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• दिवौकसैः: by the gods
• दिवौकसैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् + ओकस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘heaven-dwellers’

Speaker

Pulastya (addressing Bhīṣma)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: वृतस्तैश्च = वृतः + तैः + च

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Brahmā (Pitāmaha)
• Divaukas (celestial beings)

FAQs

Who is referred to as ‘Pitāmaha’ in this verse?

‘Pitāmaha’ (“Grandfather”) is a common Purāṇic epithet for Brahmā, regarded as the progenitor of beings.

What does ‘brahmaṇaḥ padam’ mean here?

It means “the abode/realm/state of Brahmā,” indicating arrival at Brahmā’s divine station rather than a mundane location.

What is suggested by being ‘surrounded by divaukas’?

It conveys Brahmā’s cosmic eminence and courtly setting—celestial beings (devas and other heavenly residents) attend upon him.