Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 133

Jyotiṣa-saṅgraha: Varga-vibhāga, Bala-nirṇaya, Garbha-phala, Āyuḥ-gaṇanā

Devanagari script

आयुरंशकलाभक्ताद्विंशत्याब्दा इनाहतम् । शेषं द्विशतभक्तं स्युर्मासाः शेषा दिनादिकम् ॥ १३३ ॥

Transliteration

āyuraṃśakalābhaktādviṃśatyābdā ināhatam | śeṣaṃ dviśatabhaktaṃ syurmāsāḥ śeṣā dinādikam || 133 ||

Translation

Dari hasil pembagian umur (āyus) ke dalam bagian dan subbagian, kalikan dengan dua puluh: itulah jumlah tahun. Sisa kemudian dibagi dua ratus: hasil baginya adalah bulan, dan sisanya menjadi hari dan seterusnya (satuan lebih kecil).॥133॥

Word by Word

• आयुः-अंश-कलाभक्तात्: from the (lifespan-part) divided by kala
• आयुः-अंश-कलाभक्तात्: अपादान (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक) + अंश (प्रातिपदिक) + कला (प्रातिपदिक) + भक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास (multi-member determinative): 'आयुषः अंशस्य कलया भक्तात्/कलाभक्तात्' = 'from (the value) divided by the kala of the lifespan-part'; पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (head 'भक्त' used as nominal)

• विंशत्या: by twenty
• विंशत्या: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विंशति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine) (numeral used instrumentally)

• अब्दाः: years
• अब्दाः: कर्म (Object/result)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• इन: (technical term)
• इन: सम्बन्ध (Discourse/technical marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इन् (अव्यय/technical particle)
• Form: गणनासूचक/प्रक्रियासूचक अव्यय (technical computational marker; as transmitted)

• आहतम्: multiplied
• आहतम्: कर्म (Predicate complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-हन् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (past passive participle); प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; here predicative: 'multiplied'

• शेषम्: the remainder
• शेषम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

• द्विशतभक्तम्: divided by two hundred
• द्विशतभक्तम्: कर्म (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक) + भक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: द्विशतम् (200) + भक्तम् (divided); द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; विशेषण to शेषम्

• स्युः: would be/should be
• स्युः: क्रिया (Verbal predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

• मासाः: months
• मासाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• शेषाः: remaining
• शेषाः: कर्ता (Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेषण to मासाः

• दिन-आदिकम्: days and the like
• दिन-आदिकम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: दिनम् + आदि = 'days etc.'; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada, within a technical/vedāṅga-style exposition)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames time and lifespan as measurable and orderly through dharmic knowledge, supporting disciplined living and right timing (kāla) for duties and spiritual practice.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by teaching precise reckoning of time, it helps a devotee maintain regular vrata, japa, and pūjā schedules—devotion becomes steady when aligned with proper kāla-nirṇaya.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa-style computation: using multiplication and division with quotient/remainder to convert a derived lifespan measure into years, months, and days (a procedural rule for kāla/āyus calculation).