Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 66

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

ततो द्वौ कीर्तितौ विप्र धातवो दश शाब्दिकैः । क्याद्याः सप्तोभयेभाषाः सौत्राः स्तंभ्वादिकास्तथा ॥ ६६ ॥

Transliteration

tato dvau kīrtitau vipra dhātavo daśa śābdikaiḥ | kyādyāḥ saptobhayebhāṣāḥ sautrāḥ staṃbhvādikāstathā || 66 ||

Translation

Kemudian, wahai brāhmaṇa, para ahli tata-bahasa juga menguraikan sepuluh kelas akar kata kerja—bermula dari kelompok ‘kya’—beserta tujuh jenis yang berfungsi dalam kedua suara (ubhayapada), serta pengelompokan berbasis sūtra seperti yang dimulai dengan ‘stambh’ dan lainnya.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (अव्यय)

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वि (प्रातिपदिक; संख्या)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual

• कीर्तितौ: are mentioned
• कीर्तितौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्त् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/PPP); Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual

• विप्र: O brāhmaṇa
• विप्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular

• धातवः: roots
• धातवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• दश: ten
• दश: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश (प्रातिपदिक; संख्या)
• Form: Numeral; used as count

• शाब्दिकैः: by grammarians
• शाब्दिकैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाब्दिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; 'by grammarians/word-specialists'

• क्याद्याः: those beginning with kya
• क्याद्याः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्य + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; 'beginning with kya' (gaṇa-name)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सप्त (प्रातिपदिक; संख्या)
• Form: Numeral; used as count

• उभयेभाषाः: using both voices
• उभयेभाषाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभय + भाष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa: 'speaking/using both (voices)' i.e., ubhayapada

• सौत्राः: sūtra-based
• सौत्राः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सौत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; 'sūtra-based/mentioned in sūtras'

• स्तम्भ्वादिकाः: those beginning with stambh
• स्तम्भ्वादिकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तम्भ् + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; 'beginning with stambh' (gaṇa-name)

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb/particle (अव्यय); 'thus/also'

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames disciplined study of śabda (sacred language) as part of the larger Mokṣa-Dharma curriculum—showing that precise understanding of words and roots supports correct comprehension of scripture and thus aids liberation-oriented knowledge.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: Bhakti relies on accurate recitation, meaning, and scriptural interpretation; by highlighting grammatical classifications, the text implies that devotion becomes steadier when grounded in correct śāstric understanding of mantra and Purāṇic teachings.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit grammar): the verse points to technical groupings such as the ten dhātu classes, ‘ubhaya’ (both-voice) usage, and sūtra-derived classifications (e.g., stambh-ādi), reflecting systematic linguistic analysis used in Vedic study.