Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 49

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

आत्मनेपदिनौ धातू षूङ्दूङ्द्वावपि नारद । ओदितः पूङ्मुखाः सप्त आत्मनेदपिनो मताः ॥ ४९ ॥

Transliteration

ātmanepadinau dhātū ṣūṅdūṅdvāvapi nārada | oditaḥ pūṅmukhāḥ sapta ātmanedapino matāḥ || 49 ||

Translation

Wahai Nārada, dua dhātu Ṣūṅ dan Dūṅ digolongkan sebagai ātmanepada. Demikian pula dhātu “O” serta tujuh dhātu yang bermula dengan “Pūṅ” juga dianggap ātmanepada॥49॥

Word by Word

• आत्मनेपदिनौ: ātmanepada (two)
• आत्मनेपदिनौ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आत्मनेपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; आत्मनेपद-प्रयोगिनौ (ātmanepada)

• धातू: two roots
• धातू: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

• षूङ्: the root ‘ṣūṅ’
• षूङ्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षूङ् (धातु)
• Form: धातुनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन (उद्धृत-धातु)

• दूङ्: the root ‘dūṅ’
• दूङ्: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूङ् (धातु)
• Form: धातुनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन (उद्धृत-धातु)

• द्वौ: two
• द्वौ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन (two)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: ‘also’)

• नारद: O Nārada
• नारद: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• ओदितः: ‘odita’ (a dhātu-name)
• ओदितः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओदित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; धातुगण/सूत्र-नामरूपे (as a named item ‘odita’)

• पूङ्-मुखाः: those beginning with ‘pūṅ’
• पूङ्-मुखाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूङ् (धातु-नाम/प्रातिपदिक) + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘beginning with pūṅ’

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: संख्यावाचक, अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (seven)

• आत्मनेपदिनः: ātmanepada (verbs)
• आत्मनेपदिनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मनेपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मताः: are considered
• मताः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Moksha-Dharma teaching in the Narada Purana is supported by Vedāṅga learning: precise Vyākaraṇa (grammar) safeguards correct mantra/śāstra understanding, which is treated as an aid to right knowledge.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by emphasizing correct linguistic discipline, it supports accurate recitation and comprehension of Vishnu-oriented śāstra and stotras—foundational for steady bhakti practice.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit grammar): it identifies specific dhātus (verbal roots) that take ātmanepada endings, a technical rule used in correct verb formation and textual interpretation.