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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 53

Janaka’s Quest for Liberation; Pañcaśikha’s Sāṅkhya on Renunciation, Elements, Guṇas, and the Deathless State

सनंदन उवाच । तमसा हि मतिच्छत्रं विभ्रांतमिव चातुरम् । पुनः प्रशमयन्वाक्यैः कविः पंचशिखोऽब्रवीत् ॥ ५३ ॥

sanaṃdana uvāca | tamasā hi maticchatraṃ vibhrāṃtamiva cāturam | punaḥ praśamayanvākyaiḥ kaviḥ paṃcaśikho'bravīt || 53 ||

Sanandana berkata: ketika payung pengertian tertutup oleh kegelapan kebodohan, bahkan yang cerdas pun tampak bingung. Lalu sang resi Pañcaśikha menenangkannya kembali dengan kata-kata dan berbicara.

सनन्दनःSanandana
सनन्दनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसनन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तमसाby darkness; with ignorance
तमसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
मति-छत्रम्the canopy/covering of the mind (i.e., mental veil)
मति-छत्रम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमति (प्रातिपदिक) + छत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—मतेः छत्रम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
विभ्रान्तम्confused; deluded
विभ्रान्तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-भ्रम् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन; विशेषण (for मति-छत्रम्)
इवas if
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक अव्यय (simile particle)
चातुरम्clever; skillful
चातुरम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootचातुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (for मति-छत्रम्)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of repetition)
प्रशमयन्pacifying; calming
प्रशमयन्:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent, participial)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शम् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि
वाक्यैःwith words; by statements
वाक्यैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
कविःthe sage; poet
कविः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
पञ्चशिखःPañcaśikha
पञ्चशिखः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject, apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्च (अव्यय/संख्या) + शिख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि—पञ्च शिखाः यस्य (one who has five tufts/crests); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अब्रवीत्spoke; said
अब्रवीत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Sanandana

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

S
Sanandana
P
Pañcaśikha

FAQs

It shows how tamas (ignorance) can eclipse even a capable intellect, and how a realized teacher restores clarity through calming, corrective instruction—an essential motif in Moksha Dharma.

While framed as jñāna-upadeśa, it supports bhakti indirectly: when the mind is soothed and cleared of tamas by saintly guidance, one becomes fit for steady remembrance and devotion to the Divine.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is the discipline of śānta-vāk (pacifying speech) and guru-upadeśa as tools to remove mental confusion.