Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 58, Shloka 70

Adhyaya 58 — The Kurma-Form of Narayana: Mapping Bharata through Nakshatras, Regions, and Planetary Afflictions

Sanskrit

अद्रोहानुपवासांश्च शस्तं चैत्यादिवन्दनम् ।

जपं होमं तथा दानं स्नानं क्रोधादिवर्जनम् ॥

Transliteration

adrohānupavāsāṃś ca śastaṃ caityādivandanam / japaṃ homaṃ tathā dānaṃ snānaṃ krodhādivarjanam //

Translation

Tanpa permusuhan (ahiṃsā) dan puasa; pemujaan yang semestinya kepada kuil dan tempat suci; japa, persembahan api (homa), sedekah, mandi suci, serta menjauhi amarah dan cela sejenisnya—(itulah anjuran).

Word by Word

• adrohān: non-harming/non-hostility
• adrohān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a-droha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन

• upavāsān: fasts
• upavāsān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upavāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• śastam: commendable/prescribed
• śastam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (commendable/prescribed)

• caitya-ādi-vandanam: veneration of shrines etc.
• caitya-ādi-vandanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caitya (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक) + vandana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (चैत्यादीनां वन्दनम्)

• japam: recitation (japa)
• japam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: japa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• homam: fire-offering (homa)
• homam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: homa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• tathā: and also
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक (adverb: 'and also')

• dānam: gift/charity
• dānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• snānam: bath
• snānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: snāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• krodha-ādi-varjanam: avoidance of anger etc.
• krodha-ādi-varjanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krodha (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक) + varjana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (क्रोधादीनां वर्जनम्)

Speakers

• Not explicit in provided excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śānti rites
• Ācāra (right conduct)
• Ritual purification
• Ethical restraint

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Remedy is not only ritual but ethical: non-hostility and anger-control are placed alongside homa and dāna, implying conduct is itself a pacification.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction; ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The list integrates body (snāna, upavāsa), speech/mind (japa, krodha-varjana), and action (dāna, homa), suggesting a whole-person harmonization to counter ‘graha’ disturbance.