Shloka 57

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

यथैवाम्रफलं ध्यायेत् तृष्णार्तो रसनेंद्रिये ।

यस्मिन् यस्मिन् रुजा देहे तस्मिंस्तदुपकारिणी ॥

Transliteration

yathaivāmraphalaṃ dhyāyet tṛṣṇārto rasanendriye /

yasmin yasmin rujā dehe tasmiṃs tad-upakāriṇīm //

Translation

Sebagaimana orang yang dilanda dahaga membayangkan buah mangga melalui indra pengecap, demikian pula—di mana pun ada nyeri pada tubuh—hendaknya ia meneguhkan dalam meditasi pertolongan khusus yang bermanfaat bagi bagian itu juga.

Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (indeclinable of manner/comparison)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)

• आम्रफलम्: mango-fruit
• आम्रफलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आम्र + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative: 'mango's fruit')

• ध्यायेत्: should meditate/visualize
• ध्यायेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ध्यै (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• तृष्णा-आर्तः: one afflicted by thirst
• तृष्णा-आर्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तृष्णा + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (instrumental/causal sense: 'afflicted by thirst')

• रसनेन्द्रिये: in the organ of taste (tongue)
• रसनेन्द्रिये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रसना + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('tongue-sense', i.e., organ of taste)

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• यस्मिन्: in whichever (place)
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (emphatic repetition: 'wherever')

• रुजा: pain
• रुजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुज्/रुजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• देहे: in the body
• देहे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन

• तस्मिन्: in that (place)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• तत्: that (remedy/thing)
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक

• उपकारिणीम्: helpful/beneficial
• उपकारिणीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपकारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying implied धारणा/भावना)

Speakers

• Instructional discourse within Jaḍopākhyāna (yoga-teaching voice addressing the king)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Dhāraṇā
• Mind-body discipline
• Therapeutic visualization

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Attention (citta) can be deliberately directed: as craving fixes the mind on an object, a yogin can fix the mind on a corrective principle suited to the afflicted bodily locus, cultivating mastery over reactive sensation.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is not pancalakṣaṇa material (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita); it belongs to upaśikṣā—practical yogic instruction embedded in the Purāṇic narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse hints at a correspondence principle: specific mental forms (saṅkalpa/dhāraṇā) are matched to specific bodily disturbances, implying a subtle-body mapping where cognition can modulate prāṇic flow.