Shloka 32

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

ततः सूर्योदयाभावादभवत् सन्तता निशा ।

बहून्यहः प्रमाणानि ततो देवा भयं ययुः ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ sūryodayābhāvād abhavat santatā niśā / bahūny ahaḥ pramāṇāni tato devā bhayaṃ yayuḥ

Translation

Kemudian, karena matahari tidak terbit, malam pun berlangsung tanpa putus. Selama banyak hari para dewa diliputi ketakutan.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): then/thereupon

• सूर्य-उदय-अभावात्: because of the absence of sunrise
• सूर्य-उदय-अभावात्: हेतु (cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + उदय (प्रातिपदिक) + अभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; बहु-षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष-श्रृङ्खला (सूर्यस्य उदयस्य अभावः)

• अभवत्: there was/became
• अभवत्: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• सन्तता: continuous
• सन्तता: कर्ता (subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सन्तत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (निशा)

• निशा: night
• निशा: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• बहूनि: many
• बहूनि: कर्ता (subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (प्रमाणानि)

• अहः: days (as a measure)
• अहः: सम्बन्ध (measure-specifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्/अहः (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समाहारार्थे (collective: days)

• प्रमाणानि: measures/periods
• प्रमाणानि: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: सम्बन्ध (temporal adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): then/thereupon

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• भयम्: fear
• भयम्: कर्म (object of ययुः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• ययुः: went/entered into
• ययुः: क्रिया (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्

Speakers

• Narrator

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Surya
• Devas

Key Themes

• Cosmic order (ṛta) disrupted
• Consequences of vows/curses
• Devas in distress

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Private conflicts of power (curse vs counter-declaration) can destabilize universal order; dharma requires reconciliation that restores ṛta (cosmic rhythm) rather than victory of one party.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Though not a formal manvantara/sarga unit, it touches ṛta and deva-functioning, showing how narrative episodes explain why gods intervene to re-stabilize the cosmos.

What is the esoteric significance?

Unending night symbolizes spiritual and societal paralysis when competing ‘truth-claims’ harden into absolutism; restoration requires a higher synthesis beyond reactive speech.