Shloka 1

Arjuna’s Absence, Bhīma’s Kṣātra-Dharma Appeal, and Bṛhadaśva’s Arrival

Nala-Upākhyāna Begins

Devanagari script

हि >> आय न [हुक है एकोनपज्चाशत्तमो<ड्ध्याय: संजयके द्वारा धृतराष्ट्रकी बातोंका अनुमोदन और धृतराष्ट्रका संताप संजय उवाच यदेतत्‌ कथित राजंस्त्वया दुर्योधन प्रति । सर्वमेतद्‌ यथातत्त्वं नैतन्मिथ्या महीपते,संजय बोला--राजन्‌! आपने दुर्योधनके विषयमें जो बातें कही हैं, वे सभी यथार्थ हैं। महीपते! आपका वचन मिथ्या नहीं है

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | yad etat kathitaṁ rājan tvayā duryodhana prati | sarvam etad yathātattvaṁ na etan mithyā mahīpate ||

Translation

Sanjaya berkata: Wahai Raja, apa pun yang telah paduka katakan tentang Duryodhana semuanya sesuai dengan kebenaran. Wahai penguasa bumi, kata-kata paduka tidaklah dusta.

Word by Word

• {'sañjaya uvāca': 'Sanjaya said', 'yad etat': 'whatever this

• what you have just said', 'kathitam': 'spoken, stated', 'rājan': 'O king (vocative)', 'tvayā': 'by you', 'duryodhana prati': 'with regard to Duryodhana

• concerning Duryodhana', 'sarvam etat': 'all this', 'yathātattvam': 'as it truly is

• in accordance with reality', 'na etat mithyā': 'this is not false', 'mahīpate': 'O lord of the earth

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Dhritarashtra
• Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Truth should be acknowledged plainly: even when the subject is one’s own son or close kin, an ethical judgment must align with reality (yathātattvam) rather than denial or self-deception.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya responds to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, affirming that the king’s remarks about Duryodhana are accurate and not false, thereby validating Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s recognition of Duryodhana’s conduct and its consequences.