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Shloka 71

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

यथा राजन्‌ प्रजा: सर्वा: सूर्य: पाति गभस्तिभि: । अत्ति चैव तथैव त्वं सदृश: सवितुर्भव,राजन! जैसे भगवान्‌ सूर्य पृथ्वीके रसको ग्रहण करते और अपनी किरणोंद्वारा वर्षा करके उन सबकी रक्षा करते हैं, उसी प्रकार आप भी प्रजाओंसे कर लेकर उनकी रक्षा करते हुए सूर्यके ही समान हो जाइये

yathā rājan prajāḥ sarvāḥ sūryaḥ pāti gabhastibhiḥ | atti caiva tathaiva tvaṃ sadṛśaḥ savitur bhava, rājan ||

Wahai Raja, sebagaimana Sang Surya memelihara dan melindungi seluruh rakyat dengan sinarnya—menyedot kelembapan bumi lalu mengembalikannya sebagai hujan—demikian pula engkau: pungutlah pajak dari rakyat dan sebagai gantinya lindungilah mereka; jadilah laksana Surya.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
सूर्यःthe Sun
सूर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पातिprotects
पाति:
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पालने)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गभस्तिभिःwith rays
गभस्तिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगभस्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
अत्तिconsumes, takes in
अत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअद् (भक्षणे)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवjust, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
सदृशःsimilar, like
सदृशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सवितुःof Savitṛ (the Sun)
सवितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भवbecome
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (सत्तायाम्)
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājan (the King, addressee)
S
Sūrya (the Sun)
S
Savitṛ (solar deity/aspect of the Sun)
P
prajāḥ (the subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A king’s right to collect taxes is inseparable from his duty to protect and nurture the people. Like the Sun that ‘takes’ moisture yet returns it as life-giving rain, the ruler must take revenue only to sustain order, security, and welfare—making taxation a reciprocal moral obligation, not exploitation.

Vaiśampāyana addresses a king with counsel on righteous governance. He uses the Sun as an ethical model: the Sun absorbs the earth’s essence and then, through its rays, enables rain and protection for all beings; likewise, the king should levy taxes and, in exchange, ensure the safety and well-being of his subjects.