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Shloka 21

धृतराष्ट्रस्य क्रतु-प्रवर्तनम् तथा पाण्डवानां निमन्त्रण-प्रतिवचनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Sacrifice Commences and the Pandavas’ Reply to the Invitation

तदा सुतुमुलं युद्धमभवल्लोमहर्षणम्‌ । ततस्ते मृदवो5भूवन्‌ गन्धर्वा: शरपीडिता:

tadā sutumulaṃ yuddham abhaval lomaharṣaṇam | tatas te mṛdavo 'bhūvan gandharvāḥ śarapīḍitāḥ ||

Saat itu berkobarlah pertempuran yang amat dahsyat, menggetarkan bulu roma. Kemudian para Gandharva, tersiksa oleh hujan panah, menjadi luluh dan kehilangan keberanian mereka semula.

तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
FormAvyaya (temporal adverb)
सु-तुमुलम्very tumultuous
सु-तुमुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, nominative singular (agreeing with युद्धम्); with उपसर्ग/उपपद 'सु-' intensifier
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, nominative singular
अभवत्became / occurred
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada
लोम-हर्षणम्hair-raising, thrilling
लोम-हर्षणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootलोमहर्षण
FormNeuter, nominative singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)
ततःthereupon / from that
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb)
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative plural
मृदवःsoftened / weakened
मृदवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, nominative plural (predicate adjective)
अभूवन्became
अभूवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person plural, Parasmaipada
गन्धर्वाःGandharvas
गन्धर्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व
FormMasculine, nominative plural
शर-पीडिताःafflicted by arrows
शर-पीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशरपीडित
FormMasculine, nominative plural; past passive participle (क्त) from √पीड् with उपपद 'शर-'

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
G
Gandharvas
A
arrows
B
battle (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the sobering effect of real harm: when the force of conflict becomes immediate (here, the pain of arrows), pride and aggression give way to restraint. It hints at an ethical realism in the epic—violence has palpable consequences that can humble even powerful beings.

Vaiśampāyana describes the battle turning extremely intense and frightening. As the Gandharvas are struck and pained by arrows, their confidence breaks and they become subdued.