Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

Skanda-janma: Śivā/Svāhā, Agni, and the Manifestation of Guha

Mahābhārata 3.214

(तावग्निसहितौ ब्रह्मन्‌ विद्धि वै प्राणमात्मनि ।) एकादशविकारात्मा कलासम्भारसम्भृतः । मूर्तिमन्तं हि तं विद्धि नित्यं योगजितात्मकम्‌,ब्रह्म! वे प्राण और अपान जठरानलके साथ रहते हैं। प्राणको आत्मामें स्थित जानिये। आत्मा एकादश इन्द्रियरूप विकारोंसे युक्त, षोडश- कलाओंके समूहसे सम्पन्न, शरीरको धारण करनेवाला तथा नित्य है। उसने योगबलसे मन-बुद्धिको अपने अधीन कर रखा है। इस प्रकार आत्माके सम्बन्धमें आपको जानना चाहिये

tāv agni-sahitau brahman viddhi vai prāṇam ātmani | ekādaśa-vikārātmā kalā-sambhāra-sambhṛtaḥ | mūrtimantaṃ hi taṃ viddhi nityaṃ yoga-jitātmakaṃ brahman ||

Wahai Brahmana, prāṇa dan apāna berdiam bersama api pencernaan (jatharāgni); ketahuilah prāṇa sebagai tegak di dalam Sang Diri (Ātman). Ātman terkait dengan sebelas perubahan (indria dan manas), dipenuhi himpunan kalā, menopang wujud jasmani, kekal, dan oleh daya yoga menundukkan pikiran serta budi. Demikianlah Ātman patut dipahami.

तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अग्नि-सहितौaccompanied by fire
अग्नि-सहितौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
ब्रह्मन्O Brahmin
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विद्धिknow
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राणम्the prāṇa (vital breath)
प्राणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मनिin the self
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एकादश-विकार-आत्माwhose nature involves eleven modifications
एकादश-विकार-आत्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कला-सम्भार-सम्भृतःfilled/constituted by a collection of kalās
कला-सम्भार-सम्भृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्भृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मूर्तिमन्तम्embodied, having form
मूर्तिमन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमूर्तिमन्त्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तम्him/that (self)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विद्धिknow
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
नित्यम्eternal
नित्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
योग-जित-आत्मकम्having a nature conquered/controlled by yoga
योग-जित-आत्मकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रह्मO Brahmin
ब्रह्म:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

व्याध उवाच

V
vyādha (hunter)
B
brāhmaṇa (addressed interlocutor)
P
prāṇa
A
apāna
J
jaṭharānala (digestive fire)
Ā
ātman (Self)

Educational Q&A

The verse links physiology and spirituality: prāṇa and apāna operate with digestive fire, yet prāṇa is to be understood as rooted in the Self. The Self is described as eternal, supporting embodiment, and capable—through yoga—of mastering the mind and intellect. Ethical self-mastery is grounded in correct knowledge of the Self.

In the Vana Parva’s ‘Vyādha’ teaching episode, the hunter instructs a Brahmin in higher understanding. Here he explains the relation between vital functions (prāṇa/apāna and gastric fire) and the ātman, emphasizing yogic control and right insight as the basis for dharmic living.