Shloka 21

Devanagari script

तयोराशां तु सफलां यः करोति स धर्मवित्‌ । पिता माता च राजेन्द्र तुष्पतो यस्य नित्यश:

Transliteration

tayor āśāṃ tu saphalāṃ yaḥ karoti sa dharmavit | pitā mātā ca rājendra tuṣpato yasya nityaśaḥ ||

Translation

Dialah yang sungguh mengetahui dharma, yang membuat harapan kedua orang tua itu berbuah; wahai raja terbaik, karena dirinya ayah dan ibu senantiasa merasa puas.

Word by Word

• तयोः: of those two
• तयोः: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, dual

• आशाम्: hope/expectation
• आशाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आशा
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• सफलाम्: successful/fruitful
• सफलाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सफल
• Form: feminine, accusative, singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• करोति: makes/does
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: present, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• धर्मवित्: knower of dharma
• धर्मवित्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मविद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• माता: mother
• माता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ
• Form: feminine, nominative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• राजेन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• तुष्यतः: of (one) who is pleased/satisfied
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुष्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), masculine, genitive, singular

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• नित्यशः: always/constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्यशस्

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• rājendra (addressed king)
• pitā (father)
• mātā (mother)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True knowledge of dharma is shown by fulfilling the rightful hopes of one’s parents and keeping them consistently content through one’s conduct and service.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya addresses a king (“rājendra”) and states a criterion for righteousness: the person who makes his father and mother’s expectations succeed and keeps them pleased is to be regarded as a dharma-knower.