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Shloka 17

Vyādha–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda: Śāpa, Vṛtta-Dharma, and Counsel Against Viṣāda

Grief

मातृस्तु गौरवादन्ये पितृनन्ये तु मेनिरे । दुष्करं कुरुते माता विवर्धयति या प्रजा:,कुछ लोग माताओंको गौरवकी दृष्टिसे बड़ी मानते हैं। दूसरे लोग पिताको महत्त्व देते हैं। परंतु माता जो अपनी संतानोंको पाल-पोसकर बड़ा बनाती है, वह उसका कठिन कार्य है

mātṛs tu gauravād anye pitṝn anye tu menire | duṣkaraṃ kurute mātā vivardhayati yā prajāḥ ||

Sebagian orang memandang ibu lebih mulia, sementara yang lain menempatkan ayah lebih utama. Namun ibulah—yang mengasuh dan membesarkan anak-anak hingga dewasa—yang sesungguhnya menanggung pekerjaan paling berat.

मातॄःmothers
मातॄः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
गौरवात्out of respect / from reverence
गौरवात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगौरव
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अन्येothers (people)
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितॄन्fathers
पितॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्येothers (people)
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मेनिरेthey considered/thought
मेनिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
दुष्करम्a difficult (thing)
दुष्करम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरुतेdoes/undertakes
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Laṭ), Third, Singular, Ātmanepada
माताthe mother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विवर्धयतिnourishes/raises/increases
विवर्धयति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent (Laṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
याwho (she who)
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाःoffspring/children
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
M
mother (mātā)
F
father (pitṛ)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches ethical discernment about parental reverence: while opinions differ on whether mother or father deserves greater honor, the mother’s sustained, arduous role in nurturing and raising children is highlighted as especially demanding and thus worthy of deep respect and gratitude.

Mārkaṇḍeya is speaking in a didactic mode, offering a reflective observation on social attitudes toward parents and then grounding the discussion in lived duty: the mother’s concrete labor of upbringing is presented as the decisive consideration.