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Shloka 61

ब्राह्मणानुयात्रा—शौनकोपदेशः

Brāhmaṇas Follow into Exile and Śaunaka’s Instruction

चक्षुर्दद्यान्मनो दद्याद्‌ वाचं दद्याच्च सूनृताम्‌ । अनुव्रजेदुपासीत स यज्ञ: पठचदक्षिण:,अतिथिको नेत्र दे (उसे प्रेमभरी दृष्टिसे देखे), मन दे (मनसे हित-चिन्तन करे) तथा मधुर वाणी प्रदान करे (सत्य, प्रिय, हितकी बात कहे)। जब वह जाने लगे तब कुछ दूरतक उसके पीछे-पीछे जाय और जबतक वह घरपर रहे तबतक उसके पास बैठे (उसकी सेवामें लगा रहे)। यह पाँच प्रकारकी दक्षिणाओंसे युक्त अतिथि-यज्ञ है

cakṣur dadyān mano dadyād vācaṃ dadyāc ca sūnṛtām | anuvrajed upāsīta sa yajñaḥ pañca-dakṣiṇaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Berikan kepada tamu terhormat anugerah mata—tatapan penuh kasih dan hormat; anugerah batin—perhatian serta niat baik; dan anugerah tutur yang disebut sūnṛtā—benar, menyenangkan, dan membawa manfaat. Saat ia beranjak pergi, antarkanlah beberapa jarak; dan selama ia tinggal di rumah, duduklah dekatnya dalam pelayanan. Inilah ‘atithi-yajña’, persembahan bagi tamu, yang diperlengkapi dengan lima bentuk dakṣiṇā.”

चक्षुःeye; a (kind) look
चक्षुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनःmind; attention
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाचम्speech; words
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दद्यात्should give
दद्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सूनृताम्truthful and pleasant speech
सूनृताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूनृता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनुव्रजेत्should follow (after him)
अनुव्रजेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√व्रज् (गत्यर्थः)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उपासीतshould attend upon; should sit near (serve)
उपासीत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√आस् (आसने/सेवायाम्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
सःthat; he/this (is)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice; rite
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
दक्षिणःfees/gifts (given as honorarium)
दक्षिणः:
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
atithi (guest)
A
atithi-yajña (guest-sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

Hospitality is treated as a sacred duty (atithi-yajña). One honors a guest through five ‘dakṣiṇās’: welcoming gaze, benevolent attention, truthful-pleasant-beneficial speech (sūnṛtā), escorting the guest upon departure, and attentive presence/service while the guest stays.

Yudhiṣṭhira is articulating norms of dharma regarding how a householder should receive and serve an atithi. The verse frames everyday hospitality as a yajña completed by concrete acts of respect and care.