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Shloka 12

धर्मव्याधोपदेशः

Dharma-vyādha’s Instruction on Śiṣṭācāra and Dharma

नास्य वर्ष वर्षति वर्षकाले नास्य बीजं॑ रोहति काल उप्तम्‌ | भीतं प्रपन्नं यो हि ददाति शत्रवे नत्राणं लभेत्‌ त्राणमिच्छन्‌ स काले,जो राजा अपनी शरणमें आये हुए भयभीत प्राणीको उसके शत्रुके हाथमें दे देता है, उसके देशमें समयपर वर्षा नहीं होती। उसके बोये हुए बीज भी समयपर नहीं उगते हैं। वह कभी संकटके समय जब अपनी रक्षा चाहता है, तब उसे कोई रक्षक नहीं मिलता

nāsya varṣa varṣati varṣakāle nāsya bījaṃ rohati kāla uptam | bhītaṃ prapannaṃ yo hi dadāti śatrave na trāṇaṃ labhet trāṇam icchan sa kāle ||

Mārkaṇḍeya berkata: “Bagi raja yang menyerahkan makhluk yang ketakutan dan telah memohon perlindungan ke tangan musuhnya, hujan tidak turun pada musimnya, dan benih yang ditabur pada waktunya tidak bertunas. Dan ketika ia sendiri menginginkan perlindungan pada saat bahaya, ia tidak menemukan seorang pelindung pun.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/for him
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
वर्षःrain (the rainfall)
वर्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
वर्षतिrains
वर्षति:
TypeVerb
Rootवृष्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
वर्षकालेin the rainy season / at the time of rains
वर्षकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/for him
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
बीजम्seed
बीजम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबीज
Formneuter, nominative, singular
रोहतिsprouts/grows
रोहति:
TypeVerb
Rootरुह्
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
कालेin due time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
उप्तम्sown
उप्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवप्
Formpast passive participle (kta), neuter, nominative, singular
भीतम्frightened
भीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत
Formpast participle (kta) from √भी, masculine, accusative, singular
प्रपन्नम्one who has sought refuge
प्रपन्नम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रपन्न
Formpast participle (kta) from √पद् with प्र-, masculine, accusative, singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
ददातिgives/hand over
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
शत्रवेto the enemy
शत्रवे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, dative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्राणम्protection
त्राणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्राण
Formneuter, accusative, singular
लभेत्would obtain
लभेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formoptative (vidhiliṅ), 3rd, singular, ātmanepada
त्राणम्protection
त्राणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्राण
Formneuter, accusative, singular
इच्छन्wishing/desiring
इच्छन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
Formpresent active participle (śatṛ), masculine, nominative, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कालेat the (critical) time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
R
rājā (king)
Ś
śatru (enemy)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must protect the frightened who seek refuge; betraying a suppliant to an enemy violates rājadharma and results in social and cosmic disorder—symbolized by failed rains, failed crops, and the ruler’s own loss of protection in crisis.

Mārkaṇḍeya states a moral-legal principle for kings: if a king delivers a terrified refugee into an enemy’s hands, nature and fortune turn against his realm (no timely rain, no sprouting of seed), and when danger comes to him, he will not find anyone to save him.