Shloka 12

Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 1 — The Pandavas’ Exit from Gajasāhvaya and the Citizens’ Lament (जनमेजयप्रश्नः; पाण्डवानां वनप्रस्थानम्)

Devanagari script

गतानेतान्‌ विदित्वा तु पौरा: शोकाभिपीडिता: । गर्हयन्तोडसकृद्‌ भीष्मविदुरद्रोणगौतमान्‌

Transliteration

gatān etān viditvā tu paurāḥ śokābhipīḍitāḥ | garhayanto 'sakṛd bhīṣma-vidura-droṇa-gautamān ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Ketika warga kota mengetahui bahwa mereka telah berangkat, mereka dihimpit duka; berulang kali mereka melontarkan celaan kepada Bhīṣma, Vidura, Droṇa, dan Gautama.”

Word by Word

• गतान्: gone, departed
• गतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गत (√गम्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• एतान्: these
• एतान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विदित्वा: having known
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• पौराः: citizens, townsmen
• पौराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शोकाभिपीडिताः: afflicted/pressed by grief
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक-अभि-पीडित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गर्हयन्तः: blaming, censuring
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गर्ह्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दशकृत्: ten times; repeatedly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दशकृत्

• भीष्म: Bhishma
• भीष्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विदुर: Vidura
• विदुर: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विदुर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• द्रोण: Drona
• द्रोण: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गौतम: Gautama (Kripa)
• गौतम: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौतम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आन्: (part of the accusative plural ending in the preceding word-group)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आन् (accusative plural ending -आन्)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Paurāḥ (citizens)
• Bhīṣma
• Vidura
• Droṇa
• Gautama