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Shloka 36

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

उपेक्षिता हि नश्येयुगोंमिनो5रण्यवासिन: । तस्मात्‌ तेषु विशेषेण मृदुपूर्व समाचरेत्‌,यदि राजा वैश्योंके हानि-लाभकी परवा न करके उन्हें करभारसे विशेष कष्ट पहुँचाता है तो वे राज्य छोड़कर भाग जाते और वनमें जाकर रहने लगते हैं; अतः उनके प्रति विशेष कोमलताका बर्ताव करना चाहिये

upekṣitā hi naśyeyur grāmiṇo ’raṇyavāsinaḥ | tasmāt teṣu viśeṣeṇa mṛdupūrvaṃ samācaret |

Bila raja mengabaikan untung-rugi mereka dan menimpakan beban pajak yang terlalu berat, mereka akan merasa ditelantarkan, meninggalkan negeri, lalu hidup seperti penghuni rimba. Karena itu, terhadap mereka raja harus bersikap dengan perhatian khusus, mendekati terlebih dahulu dengan kelembutan.

उपेक्षिताneglected
उपेक्षिता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउपेक्षित (उप + ईक्ष्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
नश्येयुःwould perish/be ruined
नश्येयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
ग्रामिणःvillagers
ग्रामिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग्रामिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अरण्यवासिनःforest-dwellers
अरण्यवासिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्यवासिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore/from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
तेषुtowards/among them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
विशेषेणespecially
विशेषेण:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेष
मृदुपूर्वम्with gentleness first; gently
मृदुपूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमृदु + पूर्व
समाचरेत्should व्यवहार करे/act/conduct oneself
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
V
villagers/rural subjects (grāmiṇaḥ)
F
forest (araṇya)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must not neglect or harshly burden rural subjects; stability and prosperity depend on treating them with special gentleness and care.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship (rājadharma), Bhishma warns that if villagers are ignored or oppressed, they will be ruined or flee to the forests; hence the king should adopt a mild, considerate approach toward them.