Shloka 21
Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment
Chapter 86
विनयेच्चापि दुर्वृत्तान् प्रहारैरपि पार्थिव: । सान्त्वेनोपप्रदानेन शिष्टांश्ष परिपालयेत्
vinayec cāpi durvṛttān prahārair api pārthivaḥ | sāntvenopapradānena śiṣṭāṁś ca paripālayet ||
Raja hendaknya menundukkan orang-orang yang bejat—bahkan dengan hukuman pukulan bila perlu—agar kembali pada tata tertib. Namun mereka yang berbudaya dan berbudi luhur harus ia lindungi dan pelihara dengan tutur kata lembut, penenteraman hati, serta pemberian kenyamanan dan bekal. Demikian pemerintahan memadukan ketegasan terhadap salah dengan penghormatan kepada yang baik.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler must apply differentiated means: restrain the wicked through discipline and punishment when needed, while nurturing the virtuous through respectful conciliation and material support—balancing firmness with benevolence as a principle of rājadharma.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises Yudhiṣṭhira on practical statecraft: how a king should deal with different kinds of subjects—correcting wrongdoers and sustaining the well-conducted.