Shloka 21

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

Devanagari script

जिता लोकास्त्वया सर्वे ये दिव्या ये च मानुषा: । देवानां निलयान्‌ साधो सर्वनुत्क्रम्य यास्यसि,तुमने दिव्य और मानुष सभी लोकोंपर विजय प्राप्त की है। साधो! तुम सम्पूर्ण देवताओंके लोकोंको लाँधकर उनसे भी ऊपर जाओगे

Transliteration

jitā lokās tvayā sarve ye divyā ye ca mānuṣāḥ | devānāṁ nilayān sādho sarvān utkrāmya yāsyasi ||

Translation

Dharma berkata: “Segala dunia—baik yang ilahi maupun yang manusiawi—telah kautaklukkan. Wahai orang saleh, melampaui kediaman semua dewa, engkau akan pergi lebih jauh daripada mereka.”

Word by Word

• jitāḥ: conquered
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ji (dhātu) → jita (kṛdanta)
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• lokāḥ: worlds/realms
• lokāḥ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: tvad
• Form: —, instrumental, singular

• sarve: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• ye: which/that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: yad
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• divyāḥ: divine
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• ye: which/that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: yad
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca

• mānuṣāḥ: human
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mānuṣa
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• devānām: of the gods
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva
• Form: masculine, genitive, plural

• nilayān: abodes/realms
• nilayān: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: nilaya
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• sādho: O good one / O noble one
• Type: Noun
• Root: sādhu
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• sarvān: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• utkramya: having overstepped / having passed beyond
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ut-√kram (dhātu) → utkramya
• Form: absolutive (ktvā/lyap)

• yāsyasi: you will go
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (dhātu)
• Form: simple future (luṭ), 2, singular, parasmaipada

Speaker

धर्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Dharma
• devas (gods)
• divya-lokas (celestial realms)
• mānuṣa-lokas (human realms)
• devānāṁ nilayāḥ (abodes of the gods)