Shloka 12
मनुरुवाच — इन्द्रिय-मनः-ज्ञान-क्रमः
Manu on the hierarchy of senses, mind, and knowledge
एष प्रवर्तको यज्ञो निवर्तकमथो शृणु । यथा निवर्तते कर्म जपतो ब्रह्मचारिण:
bhīṣma uvāca |
eṣa pravartako yajño nivartakam atho śṛṇu |
yathā nivartate karma japato brahmacāriṇaḥ ||
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
anivṛttaṃ paraṃ yat tad avyaktaṃ brahmaṇi sthitam |
tad-bhūto jāpakaḥ kasmāt sa śarīram ihāviśet ||
Bhishma bersabda: “Inilah kurban yang menggerakkan (pravartaka-yajña); kini dengarkan kurban yang menarik kembali (nivartaka-yajña), yang dengannya tindakan seorang brahmacārin yang ber-japa menjadi berhenti.” Yudhishthira berkata: “Realitas tertinggi itu tidak pernah ‘ditarik kembali’, tak termanifest, dan tegak dalam Brahman. Jika pelaku japa menjadi satu dengan Itu, mengapa ia masih memasuki tubuh di sini lagi?”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage contrasts two modes of ‘yajña’ understood as spiritual discipline: one that initiates and purifies practice (pravartaka), and another that culminates in withdrawal from action and bondage (nivartaka), where karma is said to cease for the japa-focused brahmacārin—pointing toward liberation.
Bhishma continues his instruction to Yudhishthira on liberation-oriented disciplines, introducing the idea of a ‘withdrawing sacrifice’ that ends karmic activity. Yudhishthira then presses a philosophical doubt: if the japa practitioner becomes established in the unmanifest Brahman, why would such a realized person return to embodied life at all?