Shloka 20

निर्वेदोपदेशः (Nirveda-Upadeśa) — Maṅki’s Dispassion and the Limits of Wealth-Seeking

Devanagari script

विदितश्नाभवत्‌ तस्य राक्षसेन्द्रस्य धीमत: । प्रहित: सुह्ददा राजन्‌ प्रीयमाण: प्रियातिथि:

Transliteration

viditaś ca abhavat tasya rākṣasendrasya dhīmataḥ | prahitaḥ suhṛdā rājan prīyamāṇaḥ priyātithiḥ ||

Translation

Lalu sampailah kabar kepada raja para Raksasa yang bijaksana itu bahwa, wahai Raja, seorang tamu terhormat—diutus oleh sahabat yang berhati baik—telah datang dengan perasaan gembira dan niat baik.

Word by Word

• विदितम्: known, ascertained
• विदितम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विदित (√विद्)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अभवत्: became / was
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• तस्य: of him / his
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य: of the lord of the Rakshasas
• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षसेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• धीमतः: of the intelligent one
• धीमतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीमत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• प्रहितः: sent, dispatched
• प्रहितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहित (√हि/√धा)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुहृदा: by a friend
• सुहृदा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुहृद्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्रीयमाणः: being pleased / rejoicing
• प्रीयमाणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीयमाण (√प्री)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रियातिथिः: a dear guest
• प्रियातिथिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियातिथि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• rākṣasendra (lord of the Rākṣasas)
• suhṛt (a friend/well-wisher)
• priyātithi (dear guest)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights atithi-dharma (the duty of honoring a guest) and the ethical importance of recognizing goodwill: a wise ruler takes note when a friend sends an envoy/guest, and responds with appropriate respect and discernment.

What is happening in the narrative?

News reaches a wise Rākṣasa-king that a beloved guest has been dispatched to him by a friendly well-wisher; the guest arrives in a pleased, amicable disposition, setting a tone of courteous reception and diplomatic goodwill.