Shloka 156

Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications

Devanagari script

भवन्त्येतानि कौरव्य लुब्धानामकृतात्मनाम्‌ | जिसने अपने मन और इन्द्रियोंको काबूमें कर लिया है

Transliteration

bhavanty etāni kauravya lubdhānām akṛtātmanām |

Translation

Bhishma berkata: “Wahai keturunan Kuru, cacat-cacat ini muncul pada orang serakah yang belum menaklukkan dirinya. Ia yang telah menguasai pikiran dan indria hendaknya menaklukkan keserakahan beserta delusi. Wahai kebanggaan Kuru, kemunafikan, niat jahat, fitnah, adu domba, dan iri hati—semua cela ini terdapat pada mereka yang serakah dan belum menundukkan diri.”

Word by Word

• भवन्ति: are / occur
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• एतानि: these
• एतानि: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• कौरव्य: O descendant of Kuru
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• लुब्धानाम्: of the greedy
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लुब्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• अकृतात्मनाम्: of those whose self is not disciplined (uncontrolled)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अकृतात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Kauravya (address to Yudhiṣṭhira / Kuru prince)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Greed, when joined with delusion, becomes the root-condition for multiple moral vices. Therefore, the disciplined person—one who has mastered mind and senses—should overcome greed (lobha) along with delusion (moha), since hypocrisy, malice, slander, gossip, and envy cluster around uncontrolled greed.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and ethical governance. Here he characterizes the psychological profile of the greedy and unself-controlled, listing the typical faults that arise from such a disposition.