Shloka 123
Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications
नित्यं गम्भीरतोयाभिरापगाभिरिवोदधि: । कुरुश्रेष्ठ! मनुष्य जन्मकालमें
nityaṁ gambhīratoyābhir āpagābhir ivodadhiḥ | kuruśreṣṭha! manuṣya-janma-kāle bālyāvasthāyāṁ tathā kaumāra-yauvanāvasthāyāṁ ca yena kāraṇena svāni duṣkarmāṇi parityaktuṁ na śaknuvanti, yo manuṣyasya vṛddha-bhāve ’pi jīrṇo na bhavati, sa eva lobhaḥ | yathā gambhīra-toyā bahvyo nadyaḥ saṅgatā api samudraṁ na pūrayanti, tathā katividha-padārtha-lābhe ’pi lobhasya udaraṁ kadācana na pūryate ||
Bhishma berkata: “Wahai yang terbaik di antara para Kuru, yang membuat manusia—sejak lahir, masa kanak-kanak, remaja, hingga muda—tak sanggup meninggalkan perbuatan buruknya, dan yang tidak menjadi tua meski orang itu telah lanjut usia, hanyalah keserakahan. Seperti samudra yang tak pernah penuh walau banyak sungai berair dalam mengalir masuk, demikian pula, betapapun banyaknya keuntungan benda duniawi, perut keserakahan tak pernah kenyang.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Greed (lobha) is insatiable and ageless: it persists from childhood to old age, prevents one from giving up wrongdoing, and cannot be satisfied by accumulating more possessions—like the ocean that never becomes full despite many rivers.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira (as ‘best of the Kurus’) and uses a vivid natural simile—rivers flowing into the ocean—to explain why craving for gain does not end and why it fuels continued unethical action.