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Shloka 4

कपोत-लुब्धकसंवादः — Hunter’s Remorse and Renunciatory Resolve

बह्नयः प्रतिविधातव्या: प्रज्ञा राज्ञा ततस्ततः । नैकशाखेन धर्मेण यत्रैषा सम्प्रवर्तते,युधिष्ठिर! राजाको इधर-उधरसे नाना प्रकारके मनुष्योंके निकटसे भिन्न-भिन्न प्रकारकी बुद्धियाँ सीखनी चाहिये। उसे एक ही शाखावाले धर्मको लेकर नहीं बैठे रहना चाहिये। जिस राजामें संकटके समय यह बुद्धि स्फुरित होती है, वह आत्मरक्षाका कोई उपाय निकाल लेता है

bahvyaḥ pratividhātavyāḥ prajñā rājñā tatastataḥ | naikaśākhena dharmeṇa yatraiṣā sampravartate, yudhiṣṭhira |

Bhishma berkata: “Seorang raja harus menumbuhkan banyak macam kecerdasan praktis, belajar dari berbagai orang di berbagai tempat. Ia tidak boleh terpaku pada dharma yang hanya satu cabang. Wahai Yudhishthira, ketika daya pertimbangan yang luwes ini bangkit dalam diri penguasa pada saat krisis, ia mampu menemukan jalan untuk menyelamatkan dirinya.”

बह्नयःmany
बह्नयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिविधातव्याःto be learned/acquired (to be obtained)
प्रतिविधातव्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिविधा (धातु: विधा) + तव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रज्ञाःinsights, intelligences
प्रज्ञाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
ततःfrom there/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
ततःfrom there/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकशाखेनwith a single branch (only one line/discipline)
एकशाखेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootएकशाखा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मेणby/with dharma (a single doctrine)
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
एषाthis (she/this one)
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्रवर्ततेarises/sets in, comes into operation
सम्प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
K
king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should cultivate broad, adaptable discernment and not cling rigidly to a single, narrow formulation of dharma; flexible intelligence enables ethical and effective action, especially in crises.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on rajadharma, emphasizing that a king must learn varied strategies and judgments from diverse people and situations to protect himself and his realm.