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Shloka 9

Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies

Gaṇa-nīti

मैं देखता हूँ, संघबद्ध राज्योंके विनाशका मूल कारण है आपसकी फूट। मेरा विश्वास है कि बहुत-से मनुष्योंके जो समुदाय हैं, उनके लिये किसी गुप्त मन्त्रणा या विचारको छिपाये रखना बहुत ही कठिन है ।।

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | paśyāmi saṅghabaddha-rājyānāṃ vināśasya mūla-kāraṇaṃ paraspara-bhedam | mama viśvāso 'sti—bahu-manuṣya-samūheṣu gupta-mantraṇāṃ vā vicāraṃ vā gopayituṃ su-duṣkaram iti || etad icchāmy ahaṃ śrotuṃ na-akhilena parantapa | yathā ca te na bhidyeraṃs tac ca me vada pārthiva ||

Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Aku melihat bahwa akar kehancuran negara-negara konfederasi adalah perpecahan di antara mereka. Aku yakin bahwa dalam komunitas besar yang terdiri dari banyak orang, amat sulit menyembunyikan musyawarah atau rencana rahasia. Wahai penakluk musuh, aku ingin mendengar semuanya dengan lengkap: katakanlah, wahai raja, dengan cara apa persatuan atau republik itu tidak terpecah di antara mereka sendiri.”

एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इच्छामिI wish/desire
इच्छामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormTumun (infinitive), Active
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अखिलेनcompletely/entirely
अखिलेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
परंतपO scorcher of foes
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाhow/in what way
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेthey/those (people/communities)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भिद्येरन्would split/be divided
भिद्येरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormOptative (Potential), Third, Plural, Atmanepada
तत्that (method/point)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
वदtell/say
वद:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्थिवO king
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
parantapa (addressed king)
P
pārthiva (king/ruler)
S
saṅgha / gaṇa (confederation/republican union)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that the chief danger to confederated polities is internal division, and that secrecy in collective governance is hard; therefore stability depends on practices that prevent factional splits and manage counsel wisely.

In the Śānti Parva’s discussion of governance, Yudhiṣṭhira questions a kingly authority about why leagues (saṅghas/gaṇas) collapse through discord and asks for a complete explanation of how such unions can remain unbroken.