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Shloka 173

Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana

The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint

को न्वेष संयुगे प्राज्ञ: पुनर्दन्द्धे समाह्नयेत्‌ । इस दुर्योधनकी सेना मारी गयी थी। यह परास्त हो गया था और अब राज्य पानेसे निराश हो वनमें चला जाना चाहता था; इसीलिये भागकर पोखरेमें छिपा था

ko nveṣa saṁyuge prājñaḥ punar dvan-dve samāhvayet |

Vāyu berkata, “Siapakah orang bijak yang di medan perang akan kembali menantang duel seorang musuh yang sudah dihancurkan? Pasukan Duryodhana telah dibantai; ia telah kalah, dan putus asa untuk merebut kerajaan, ia ingin menyingkir ke hutan. Karena itu ia melarikan diri dan bersembunyi di sebuah telaga. Siapa yang waras akan mengundang musuh yang patah dan tanpa harapan seperti itu untuk bertarung satu lawan satu di gelanggang perang?”

कःwho
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (emphatic particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्राज्ञःwise
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
द्वन्द्वेin single combat/duel
द्वन्द्वे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वन्द्व
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
समाह्वयेत्should challenge/invite
समाह्वयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ह्वा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
D
Duryodhana
P
pond (hiding place)

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses prudence and ethical restraint in warfare: a wise person does not seek glory by challenging a foe who is already broken, defeated, and without hope—such a duel would be unnecessary and morally questionable.

Vāyu comments on Duryodhana’s condition after his army’s destruction: defeated and despairing of kingship, he flees and hides in a pond, intending to abandon the struggle; the speaker questions why anyone would now call him out for a formal duel.