Shloka 4
Adhyāya 59: Vidura’s Admonition to Duryodhana after the Summons of Draupadī (सभा पर्व)
Devanagari script
शकुनिरुवाच उपस्तीर्णा सभा राजन सर्वे त्वयि कृतक्षणा: । अक्षानुप्त्वा देवनस्य समयो<स्तु युधिष्ठिर
Translation
Śakuni berkata: “Wahai Raja Yudhiṣṭhira! Kain untuk permainan dadu telah dibentangkan di balairung; semua menantikanmu. Kini tibalah saatnya melempar dadu dan memulai permainan.”
Word by Word
शकुनिःShakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
उपस्तीर्णाspread out, laid down
उपस्तीर्णा:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-स्तॄ (स्तॄ)
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
सभाassembly hall
सभा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सर्वेall (persons)
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्वयिin/for you; on you
त्वयि:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Locative, Singular
कृतक्षणाःhaving made (their) time; having fixed their moment; ready/waiting
कृतक्षणाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-क्षण
FormPast Passive Participle (कृत) used adjectivally, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
अक्षान्dice
अक्षान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उप्त्वाhaving cast/thrown
उप्त्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवप्/उप् (उप् = to sow/throw; here: to cast/throw)
FormAbsolutive (त्वा)
देवनस्यof gambling; of play with dice
देवनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवन
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
समयःtime; occasion
समयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तुlet there be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes