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Shloka 19

अध्याय ३१ — द्रोणानीके तुमुलसंग्रामः

The Tumultuous Battle around Droṇa’s Formation

ततो नीलो5नलप्रख्यो ददाह कुरुवाहिनीम्‌ । शरस्फुलिड्जश्चापार्चिर्दहन्‌ कक्षमिवानल:,तदनन्तर अग्निके समान कान्तिमान्‌ नील बाणरूपी चिनगारियों तथा धनुषरूपी लपटोंका विस्तार करते हुए कौरव-सेनाको दग्ध करने लगे, मानो आग घास-फूसके ढेरको जला रही हो

tato nīlo'nalaprakhyo dadāha kuruvāhinīm | śarasphuliṅgaś cāpārciḥ dahan kakṣam ivānalaḥ ||

Lalu Nīla, menyala bagaikan api itu sendiri, mulai membakar bala Kuru. Anak panahnya laksana percikan bara yang beterbangan dan busurnya seperti nyala yang kian melebar; ia melahap pasukan itu sebagaimana api rimba menghanguskan ilalang kering.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb)
नीलःNīla (proper name)
नीलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनील
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
अनलप्रख्यःfire-like, resembling fire
अनलप्रख्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनल-प्रख्य
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
ददाहburned, set on fire
ददाह:
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
कुरुवाहिनीम्the Kuru army
कुरुवाहिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-वाहिनी
FormFeminine, accusative, singular
शरस्फुलिङ्गःhaving arrows as sparks / arrow-sparks
शरस्फुलिङ्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशर-स्फुलिङ्ग
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
चापार्चिःhaving bow as flame / bow-flame
चापार्चिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचाप-अर्चिस्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
दहन्burning
दहन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), masculine nominative singular
कक्षम्thicket, brushwood
कक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
FormAvyaya (particle of comparison)
अनलःfire
अनलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनल
FormMasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nīla
K
Kuru army (Kaurava host)
A
arrows
B
bow
F
fire

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a fire metaphor to highlight how warfare amplifies destructive power: a warrior’s skill can become a consuming blaze, reminding readers that unchecked fury and mass violence rapidly erase restraint and deepen adharma-like suffering on the battlefield.

Sañjaya describes the warrior Nīla attacking the Kaurava forces with overwhelming force. His arrows are compared to sparks and his bow to flames, as he ‘burns’ through the Kuru ranks like fire sweeping through dry grass.