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Shloka 12

Bhagadatta’s Astra and the Fall of the Prāgjyotiṣa King (भगदत्त-वधः / वैष्णवास्त्र-प्रसङ्गः)

ततो धनंजयो बाणै: सवनिव महारथान्‌ । आयाद्‌ विनिषघ्नन्‌ कौरव्यान्‌ दहन्‌ कक्षमिवानल:,तत्पश्चात्‌ जैसे अग्नि घास-फूँसके समूहको जला डालती है, उसी प्रकार अर्जुन अपने बाणोंद्वारा समस्त कौरव महारथियोंको क्षत-विक्षत करते हुए वहाँ आ पहुँचे

tato dhanañjayo bāṇaiḥ savanīva mahārathān | āyād viniṣghnan kauravyān dahan kakṣam ivānalaḥ ||

Sañjaya berkata: Lalu Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) datang ke sana, menghantam dan meremukkan para maharathi Kaurava dengan anak panahnya—membakar mereka laksana api melalap semak kering.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb)
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
सवनिम्together with their followers/retinue (reading: सवनिम्)
सवनिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसवनि
FormMasculine, accusative, singular (agreeing with महारथान्)
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
आयात्came, arrived
आयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada (आ + या)
विनिघ्नन्striking down, destroying
विनिघ्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine nominative singular (agreeing with धनंजयः), (वि + नि + हन्)
कौरव्यान्the Kauravas
कौरव्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
दहन्burning
दहन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदह् (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine nominative singular (agreeing with धनंजयः)
कक्षम्thicket, brushwood
कक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
FormAvyaya
अनलःfire
अनलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनल
FormMasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
K
Kauravas
B
bāṇa (arrows)
A
anala (fire)
K
kakṣa (brushwood/thicket)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the overwhelming force of a warrior acting within the battlefield’s code: Arjuna’s skill becomes as inexorable as fire. Ethically, it points to the grim reality that even ‘righteous’ war (dharma-yuddha) entails massive destruction, and that power used for duty still carries a heavy moral and emotional weight.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna advances into the fray and, with volleys of arrows, wounds and fells the Kaurava elite chariot-fighters. The comparison to fire consuming brushwood conveys speed, inevitability, and the scale of devastation.