Shloka 45

Devanagari script

तत: समभवद्‌ युद्ध घोररूपं भयानकम्‌ | विस्मापनं महाराज नरराक्षसयोर्मुधे,महाराज! तदनन्तर रणभूमिमें सबको विस्मयमें डालनेवाला मनुष्य और राक्षसका वह घोर एवं भयानक युद्ध आरम्भ हो गया

Transliteration

tataḥ samabhavad yuddhaṃ ghorarūpaṃ bhayānakam | vismāpanaṃ mahārāja nara-rākṣasayor mṛdhe ||

Translation

Kemudian, wahai Raja, meletuslah pertempuran yang mengerikan dan menakutkan—adu tanding antara seorang manusia dan seorang rākṣasa di tengah kancah laga—yang membuat seluruh medan perang tertegun dalam keheranan.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (तसिल्-प्रत्यय)

• समभवत्: arose, happened
• समभवत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• युद्धम्: battle, war
• युद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• घोररूपम्: of dreadful form
• घोररूपम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोररूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भयानकम्: terrifying
• भयानकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भयानक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• विस्मापनम्: astonishing, causing wonder
• विस्मापनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विस्मापन (प्रातिपदिक; √स्मि/स्मय्-कारणार्थक-णिच् भाव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• नरराक्षसयोः: of the man and the rākṣasa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरराक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, द्विवचन

• मुधे: in battle, in combat
• मुधे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुध्/मुधा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘युद्ध’ अर्थे)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
• nara (a human warrior, unspecified)
• rākṣasa (a rākṣasa warrior, unspecified)
• raṇabhūmi (battlefield, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how war magnifies extremes of nature—human valor and rākṣasa-like ferocity—reminding the listener that conflict can quickly become terrifying and morally disorienting, provoking both fear and astonishment in all who witness it.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to the king that a dreadful, fearsome fight has begun—specifically a combat between a human warrior and a rākṣasa—so extraordinary that it leaves the assembled warriors on the battlefield amazed.