Shloka 39
द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय १६२: प्रातःसंध्यायां युद्धप्रवृत्तिः तथा रजोमेघे संमूढता
Devanagari script
इत्युक्त: परुषं वाक्यं पार्षतेन द्विजोत्तम:
Transliteration
ity uktaḥ paruṣaṁ vākyaṁ pārṣatena dvijottamaḥ
Translation
Sañjaya berkata: Setelah disapa demikian dengan kata-kata keras oleh putra Pṛṣatī (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), brahmana termulia itu menghadapi teguran yang tajam dan menyayat.
Word by Word
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (उक्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past passive participle)
परुषम्harsh
परुषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरुष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech; words; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पार्षतेनby the son of Pṛṣat (Dṛṣṭadyumna)
पार्षतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
द्विजोत्तमःthe best of the twice-born (a foremost Brahmin)
द्विजोत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaP
Pārṣata (son of Pṛṣatī; epithet)D
Dvijottama (foremost Brahmin; unspecified in this half-verse)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the ethical weight of speech: in the turmoil of battle, harsh words can arise even toward the venerable, making self-control (vāg-dama) and respectful conduct part of one’s dharma.
Sañjaya reports that a ‘Pārṣata’ figure has spoken harshly to a ‘dvijottama’ (a foremost Brahmin). This line sets up the ensuing reaction and consequences of that rebuke within the Drona Parva war narrative.