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Shloka 41

धृतराष्ट्र-संजय-संवादः — सात्यकि-अलम्बुसयोर्युद्धवर्णनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Saṃjaya Dialogue; Account of Sātyaki vs Alambusa

'सारथे! मध्यम वेगका आश्रय लेकर तुम मुझे वहाँ ले चलो, जहाँ नाना प्रकारके अस्त्र- शस्त्र लिये युद्धके लिये उद्यत हुए बाह्लिकदेशीय सैनिक दिखायी देते हैं ।। दाक्षिणात्याश्व बहव: सूतपुत्रपुरोगमा: । हस्त्यश्वरथसम्बाधं यच्चानीकं॑ विलोक्यते

sārathe! madhyama-vegakā āśraya lekara tvaṁ māṁ tatra naya, yatra nānā-prakārastrāśastra-dhṛto yuddhāya udyatā bāhlika-deśīyāḥ sainikā dṛśyante || dākṣiṇātyāśvā bahavaḥ sūta-putra-purogamāḥ | hastyaśva-ratha-sambādhaṁ yac cānīkaṁ vilokyate ||

Di sana ada banyak kuda dari selatan, dengan putra sais (Karṇa) di barisan depan; dan tampak pula formasi tempur yang padat sesak oleh gajah, kuda, dan kereta perang.

दाक्षिणात्याश्वाःsouthern horses (i.e., horses of the southern region)
दाक्षिणात्याश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदाक्षिणात्य + अश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
बहवःmany
बहवः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सूतपुत्रपुरोगमाःhaving the charioteer’s son (Karna) in front / led by the suta’s son
सूतपुत्रपुरोगमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसूतपुत्र + पुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हस्त्यश्वरथसम्बाधम्densely packed with elephants, horses, and chariots
हस्त्यश्वरथसम्बाधम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहस्ति + अश्व + रथ + सम्बाध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनीकम्army-division / battle-array
अनीकम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विलोक्यतेis seen / is observed
विलोक्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + लोक्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
sārathi (charioteer)
B
Bāhlika-deśa (Bāhlika region)
B
Bāhlika soldiers
S
sūta-putra (Karṇa, by epithet)
S
southern horses
E
elephants
H
horses
C
chariots
W
weapons (astra, śastra)
A
anīka (battle-formation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined action amid chaos: even in war, movement and decision-making should be measured (madhyama-vega), guided by clear observation of forces and formations. It underscores the ethical weight of leadership—seeing the human and material scale of battle before acting.

Sañjaya addresses a charioteer, asking to be taken at a moderate pace to a sector of the battlefield where Bāhlika troops stand ready with diverse weapons. He notes a formation crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots, led by the ‘son of a charioteer’ (a common epithet for Karṇa), indicating the concentration and leadership of that contingent.