Shloka 96
Taḍāga-Phala and Vṛkṣāropaṇa
Merit of Ponds and Tree-Planting
[सिवासे शूद्रोंकी परम गति, शौचाचार, सदाचार तथा वर्णधर्मका कथन एवं संन्यासियोंके धर्मोका वर्णन और उससे उनको परम गतिकी प्राप्ति] युधिछिर उवाच शूद्राणामिह शुश्रूषा नित्यमेवानुवर्णिता । कै: कारणै: कतिविधा शुश्रूषा समुदाह्वता ।।
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca |
śūdrāṇām iha śuśrūṣā nityam evānvarṇitā |
kaiḥ kāraṇaiḥ katividhā śuśrūṣā samudāhṛtā ||
ke ca śuśrūṣayā lokā vihitā bharatarṣabha |
śūdrāṇāṃ bharataśreṣṭha brūhi me dharmalakṣaṇam ||
bhīṣma uvāca |
atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam |
śūdrāṇām anukampārthaṃ yad uktaṃ brahmavādinā ||
Yudhiṣṭhira berkata: “Kakek agung! Di dunia ini, pelayanan (śuśrūṣā) kepada kaum dwija selalu disebut sebagai dharma tertinggi bagi Śūdra. Atas alasan apa pelayanan itu diajarkan, dan dalam berapa bentuk ia dikatakan ada? Dan dunia-dunia (tujuan) apa yang ditetapkan bagi Śūdra melalui pelayanan itu? Wahai banteng di antara Bharata, wahai yang terbaik di antara Bharata, jelaskan kepadaku ciri-ciri dharma ini.” Bhīṣma bersabda: “Mengenai hal ini pula, mereka mengutip kisah kuno—apa yang diucapkan oleh seorang Brahmavādin, demi belas kasih kepada Śūdra.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage frames śuśrūṣā—disciplined, respectful service—as a central dharma for Śūdras, and asks for its rationale, its classifications, and the spiritual/post-mortem outcomes (lokas) said to follow from it. Bhīṣma signals that the answer will be grounded in an authoritative ancient narrative spoken compassionately for Śūdras.
Yudhiṣṭhira questions Bhīṣma about why service to the twice-born is repeatedly taught for Śūdras and what it yields. Bhīṣma begins his reply by invoking an old itihāsa (illustrative tradition) attributed to a brahmavādin teacher, setting up a longer didactic discourse that follows.