Shloka 22

कालयुक्तधर्मविवेकः

Discerning Dharma in Accord with Time

Devanagari script

परुषं ये न भाषन्ते कटुक॑ निष्ठुरं तथा । अपैशुन्यरता: सनन्‍्तस्ते नरा: स्वर्गगामिन:

Transliteration

paruṣaṃ ye na bhāṣante kaṭukaṃ niṣṭhuraṃ tathā | apaiśunyaratāḥ santaḥ te narāḥ svargagāminaḥ ||

Translation

Mereka yang tidak mengucapkan kata-kata kasar, pahit, dan kejam; yang bergembira dalam tidak memfitnah serta hidup sebagai orang berbudi—merekalah yang menuju surga.

Word by Word

• परुषम्: harsh (speech/word)
• परुषम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• भाषन्ते: speak
• Type: Verb
• Root: भाष्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

• कटुकम्: bitter (speech/word)
• कटुकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कटुक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• निष्ठुरम्: cruel, harsh
• निष्ठुरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निष्ठुर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तथा: and likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• अपैशुन्यरता: devoted to non-slander (free from backbiting)
• अपैशुन्यरता: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपैशुन्य-रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सन्तः: good people, virtuous (being good)
• सन्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ते: those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नराः: men, persons
• नराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वर्गगामिनः: going to heaven, heaven-bound
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्ग-गामिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrīmaheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
• Svarga (heaven)