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Shloka 113

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

विषयभोगोंसे निवृत्त रहना, गोरसका आहार करना, शमके साधनमें प्रेम रखना, खुले मैदान चबूतरेपर सोना, योगका अभ्यास करना, साग-पातका सेवन करना, फल-मूल खाकर रहना, वायु, जल और सेवारका आहार करना--ये ऋषियोंके नियम हैं। इनका पालन करनेसे वे अजित--सर्वश्रेष्ठ गतिको प्राप्त करते हैं ।।

viṣayabhogebhyo nivṛttir, gorasāhāraḥ, śamasādhanaprema, vivṛte kṣetre caṭvare śayanaṃ, yogābhyāsaḥ, śākapatrasevanaṃ, phalamūlāśanaṃ, vāyu-jala-sevāra-āhāraś ca—ete ṛṣīṇāṃ niyamāḥ; etān anutiṣṭhanto ’jitāṃ (ajitāṃ) paramāṃ gatiṃ prāpnuvanti. vidhūme sannamusale vyaḍrāre bhuktavajjane | atītapātrasañcāre kāle vigatabhikṣuke ||

Menjauh dari kenikmatan indria; hidup dari gōrasa (hasil susu); mencintai sarana-sarana śama, ketenangan batin; tidur di tanah lapang atau di pelataran; berlatih yoga; memakan sayur dan daun; bertahan dengan buah dan umbi; serta mencukupkan diri dengan udara, air, dan makanan yang diperoleh lewat pelayanan—itulah tapa‑laku para resi. Dengan memegangnya mereka mencapai keadaan tertinggi yang tak tertaklukkan. Dan beginilah suasana asketis itu: makan di tempat tanpa asap, tanpa bunyi alu‑lesung, berjalan dengan wadah yang telah usang, pada saat para pengemis pun telah selesai meminta sedekah dan pergi.

विधूमेin a smokeless (fire/place)
विधूमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविधूम
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सन्नमुसलेwhere the pestle is laid down/at rest
सन्नमुसले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसन्नमुसल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
व्यड्रारेin a place hostile to tigers (i.e., safe from tigers)
व्यड्रारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्रारि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भुक्तवत्as one who has eaten; having eaten
भुक्तवत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभुक्तवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जनेamong people/in society
जने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अतीतपात्रसंचारेin the going about with a worn/old begging-bowl
अतीतपात्रसंचारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअतीतपात्रसंचार
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कालेat the (proper) time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विगतभिक्षुकेwhen the beggar has departed/after the mendicant is gone
विगतभिक्षुके:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविगतभिक्षुक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara (Śiva)
Ṛṣis (seers/sages)
Y
Yoga
G
Goras (milk-products)
P
Phala-mūla (fruits and roots)
V
Vāyu (air)
J
Jala (water)
P
Pātra (vessel)
M
Musala (pestle)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches disciplined renunciation: restraining the senses, adopting simple and pure sustenance, cultivating inner calm, and practicing yoga. Such regulated living is presented as a dharmic path leading to the ‘unconquered’ highest goal (paramā gati), i.e., liberation or the supreme spiritual state.

Śrī Mahēśvara is instructing about the niyamas (observances) followed by ṛṣis. He lists concrete practices—diet, sleeping arrangements, and yogic discipline—and then indicates that these austerities characterize a life of renunciation and lead to the highest attainment.